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Posts by Anole Annals

Spring Time and the Green Anoles Are Back in Georgia From the pages of Vanguard, the student newspaper of the University of North Georgia: The Green Anole is Back in Georgia Riley Hansen, Staff Writer • April 9, 2026 With spring weather on the rise, green anoles, a small lizard species native to the southern portion of the United States, are returning to Georgia in large numbers.  Anolis Carolinensis…

Spring Time and the Green Anoles Are Back in Georgia

From the pages of Vanguard, the student newspaper of the University of North Georgia: The Green Anole is Back in Georgia Riley Hansen, Staff Writer • April 9, 2026 With spring weather on the rise, green anoles, a small lizard species native to…

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Anole Chocolate! Mashpi Chocolate sustainability farms chocolate to help preserve nature in Ecuador. And anoles are doing their part. As they say on their website: "All the ingredients we use in Mashpi Chocolate are grown in an agroecological and regenerative way, next to cocoa trees and within edible forests....We created this chocolate to preserve a native forest reserve, restore degraded areas and generate opportunities in the magical territory of the Andean Chocó....The beauty of coffee is that it is planted under the shade of other trees, providing a habitat for many other species.

Anole Chocolate!

Mashpi Chocolate sustainability farms chocolate to help preserve nature in Ecuador. And anoles are doing their part. As they say on their website: "All the ingredients we use in Mashpi Chocolate are grown in an agroecological and regenerative way, next to cocoa trees and within…

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Dinámicas Evolutivas y de Diversificación en Regiones Montañosas Tropicales Al igual que cuando era estudiante de pregrado, me demoré un buen rato en decidir qué hacer para mi tesis doctoral, ya que tuve que replantear la mayor parte debido a la pandemia de COVID. Meses antes de mi propuesta, encontré un artículo muy interesante de alguien de mi ciudad natal (Cali), Julián A. Velasco (Velasco et al. 2020…

Dinámicas Evolutivas y de Diversificación en Regiones Montañosas Tropicales

Al igual que cuando era estudiante de pregrado, me demoré un buen rato en decidir qué hacer para mi tesis doctoral, ya que tuve que replantear la mayor parte debido a la pandemia de COVID. Meses antes de mi propuesta,…

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Dominance of Anolis under Imminent Threat — from Geckos! Anolis has long enjoyed being the most speciose genus of reptiles with currently 435 described species (unless you subscribe to the generic split crowd supporting Dactyloa and such, of course). There was not even a close contender. That is changing rapidly with the unabated description of new species of Cyrtodactylus -- more than 300 new species since 2000 and more than 100 since 2020!

Dominance of Anolis under Imminent Threat — from Geckos!

Anolis has long enjoyed being the most speciose genus of reptiles with currently 435 described species (unless you subscribe to the generic split crowd supporting Dactyloa and such, of course). There was not even a close contender. That is…

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The History of Anole Annals According to ChatGPT Chat This all started with an innocent query: how long has Anole Annals been around? This led to a series of questions answered--for the most part accurately--by chapgpt. Unfortunately, the links didn't copy, but if you want to go to the posts mentioned below, look at Chatgpt's transcript of our conversation. So with that, here goes: when did Anole Annals debut?

The History of Anole Annals According to ChatGPT Chat

This all started with an innocent query: how long has Anole Annals been around? This led to a series of questions answered--for the most part accurately--by chapgpt. Unfortunately, the links didn't copy, but if you want to go to the posts…

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Diversification and Evolutionary Dynamics in Tropical Montane Regions Much like when I was an undergrad, I found myself trying to decide what to do for my PhD thesis, as I had to change or rethink most of it after COVID happened. Months before my proposal, I came across a really cool paper by someone from my hometown (Cali), Julian A. Velasco (Velasco et al. 2020). In this paper, Velasco and colleagues addressed two questions: first, whether common ideas about heat and food availability explain why animal sizes vary geographically; and second, how fast those sizes changed as the planet cooled over the last 66 million years.

Diversification and Evolutionary Dynamics in Tropical Montane Regions

Much like when I was an undergrad, I found myself trying to decide what to do for my PhD thesis, as I had to change or rethink most of it after COVID happened. Months before my proposal, I came across a really cool paper by…

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What Grenadian Anoles Revealed about How Animals Establish Territories There are a lot of classic studies on anoles. Some of the most groundbreaking started from a simple observation and someone’s curiosity. Judy Stamps seems to have had lots of these “huh…” moments. Her studies on anole behavior are extensive, and there are many classics to pick from. Here’s an excerpt from Chapter 8 in the non-fiction graphic novel Understanding Animal Behaviour…

What Grenadian Anoles Revealed about How Animals Establish Territories

There are a lot of classic studies on anoles. Some of the most groundbreaking started from a simple observation and someone’s curiosity. Judy Stamps seems to have had lots of these “huh…” moments. Her studies on anole behavior…

1 month ago 1 1 0 0
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Knight Anoles Spreading through Florida–Will They Get to Georgia? from the Wildlife Society: Florida towns facilitate spread of knight anoles March 2, 2026 News, Wildlife News by Joshua Rapp Learn Giant Cuban anoles have found footholds in habitats across Florida thanks to expanding human development over the past decades. But it’s unclear whether the reptiles can push into Georgia or if the introduced reptiles may be near the edge of their potential range.

Knight Anoles Spreading through Florida–Will They Get to Georgia?

from the Wildlife Society: Florida towns facilitate spread of knight anoles March 2, 2026 News, Wildlife News by Joshua Rapp Learn Giant Cuban anoles have found footholds in habitats across Florida thanks to expanding human…

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It’s Not What You Eat, It’s Where You Deplete: Resource Competition between Introduced Lizards in Hawaii Left: gold dust day gecko handling a spider in the vegetation. Center: green anole handling a moth. Right: brown anole surveying the ground. Or, "Prey depletion by a predator guild suggests spatial differences in competitive ability, but not prey partitioning, consistent with functional trade‐offs." Anole biologists may take for granted that anoles compete. We have plenty of evidence, after all, for the…

It’s Not What You Eat, It’s Where You Deplete: Resource Competition between Introduced Lizards in Hawaii

Left: gold dust day gecko handling a spider in the vegetation. Center: green anole handling a moth. Right: brown anole surveying the ground. Or, "Prey depletion by a predator guild suggests…

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Ecuador’s Eccentric Anoles Ecuador is one of the most biodiversity-rich and unique locations in the world - especially for herps. Currently, there are 207 species of lizards there, 41 of which are some of the most spectacular anole species around (Arteaga 2025). As a herp wildlife photographer and an employee of the Khamai Foundation, I have had many chances to encounter and document some of these incredible animals.

Ecuador’s Eccentric Anoles

Ecuador is one of the most biodiversity-rich and unique locations in the world - especially for herps. Currently, there are 207 species of lizards there, 41 of which are some of the most spectacular anole species around (Arteaga 2025). As a herp wildlife photographer and…

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Mythic Peruvian Anoles Rediscovered The rediscovery of Anolis laevis is one of those stories that seem written to remind us why biological exploration remains indispensable. Described in 1876 from a single specimen, holotype ANSP 11368, and then lost to science for a century and a half, this small anole with a strange proboscis on its snout became a myth of the montane forests of northeastern Peru.

Mythic Peruvian Anoles Rediscovered

The rediscovery of Anolis laevis is one of those stories that seem written to remind us why biological exploration remains indispensable. Described in 1876 from a single specimen, holotype ANSP 11368, and then lost to science for a century and a half, this small…

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Peruvian Islands Foster Rapid Morphological Evolution in Introduced Lizards As well exemplified by a significant fraction of anole research, islands can act as natural laboratories of evolution. With limited space, fewer predators, simplified communities, and isolation from the mainland, islands often impose strong and distinctive selective pressures relative to continental habitats. However, although anoles provide some of the most famous examples of evolution on islands, insularity can exert its effects on different types of organisms.

Peruvian Islands Foster Rapid Morphological Evolution in Introduced Lizards

As well exemplified by a significant fraction of anole research, islands can act as natural laboratories of evolution. With limited space, fewer predators, simplified communities, and isolation from the mainland, islands…

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From Tiny Spines to Sticky Toes: What Cyrtodactylus Geckos Can Tell Us about the Evolution of Stickiness in Lizards Like anoles, geckos are famous for their adhesive toepads, enabling astonishing climbing abilities. Since adhesive toepads evolved independently in geckos and anoles, these two rather distantly related lizard clades have become the poster-children of convergent evolution in climbing. But, astonishingly, how such a complex system actually evolves has until recently garnered little attention. And while anoles have long been celebrated for their sticky pads, the literature tends to treat the spectacular adhesive system in a binary fashion as either being present (full pads) or absent (pad‑less) in geckos– despite the fact that earlier research already indicated that this might not be the case.

From Tiny Spines to Sticky Toes: What Cyrtodactylus Geckos Can Tell Us about the Evolution of Stickiness in Lizards

Like anoles, geckos are famous for their adhesive toepads, enabling astonishing climbing abilities. Since adhesive toepads evolved independently in geckos and anoles, these two…

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Knight Anole Meets Cat Happy ending: they both lived to see another day thanks to the screen between them! Thanks to Miriam Lipsky for the photo from Miami.

Knight Anole Meets Cat

Happy ending: they both lived to see another day thanks to the screen between them! Thanks to Miriam Lipsky for the photo from Miami.

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Want to Know More about Anole Behaviour? JUST PUBLISHED: Understanding Animal Behaviour is a non-fiction graphic novel featuring anoles and other lizards. This isn’t a kid's book or comic. It is written for adult readers interested in understanding why animals do what they do and how researchers go about studying behaviour. And its FREE. Here’s a taster from Chapter 4 on the challenges anoles face when trying to advertise territory ownership in natural environments.

Want to Know More about Anole Behaviour?

JUST PUBLISHED: Understanding Animal Behaviour is a non-fiction graphic novel featuring anoles and other lizards. This isn’t a kid's book or comic. It is written for adult readers interested in understanding why animals do what they do and how researchers…

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Breaking News: Green Anole Savagely Bites Stephen Colbert Ok, not actually breaking news--occurred almost eight years ago, but somehow word never reached Anole Annals. People magazine tells the story: Published on April 21, 2018 12:55PM EDT Nearly three years after taking over The Late Show from David Letterman, Stephen Colbert finally welcomed the first animal expert back on the CBS program, Friday. But… he might regret that decision.

Breaking News: Green Anole Savagely Bites Stephen Colbert

Ok, not actually breaking news--occurred almost eight years ago, but somehow word never reached Anole Annals. People magazine tells the story: Published on April 21, 2018 12:55PM EDT Nearly three years after taking over The Late Show…

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Invasive Brown Anoles More Aggressive to Native Greens at Higher Temperatures Tulane University reports: Study: Invasive lizards’ tempers flare with the heat Stacey Plaisance splaisance@tulane.edu 

Invasive Brown Anoles More Aggressive to Native Greens at Higher Temperatures

Tulane University reports: Study: Invasive lizards’ tempers flare with the heat Stacey Plaisance splaisance@tulane.edu 

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Hurricanes as a Source of Episodic Natural Selection on Lizards from the pages of Rhody Today: URI’s Jason Kolbe studying hurricanes as a source of episodic natural selection Storm study shows adaptive selection in southeast lizards A new study led by URI’s Jason Kolbe examines adaptive selection in Anolis lizards in the southeastern U.S. (Photos / J. Kolbe) KINGSTON, R.I. – Dec. 11, 2025 – How do intermittent events like hurricanes impact natural selection?

Hurricanes as a Source of Episodic Natural Selection on Lizards

from the pages of Rhody Today: URI’s Jason Kolbe studying hurricanes as a source of episodic natural selection Storm study shows adaptive selection in southeast lizards A new study led by URI’s Jason Kolbe examines adaptive selection…

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How Lizards Use Skin Color to Control Their Body Temperature We’ve long known that some lizards change color for camouflage or communication, but our new research reveals their skin may also act as a dynamic thermal regulator. Our study published in Animals explores how the green anole (Anolis carolinensis) adjusts its skin color and reflectance in response to short-term temperature changes, offering fresh insights into how ectotherms adapt to their environment.

How Lizards Use Skin Color to Control Their Body Temperature

We’ve long known that some lizards change color for camouflage or communication, but our new research reveals their skin may also act as a dynamic thermal regulator. Our study published in Animals explores how the green anole (Anolis…

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Where Do Green Anoles Go to Sleep? Night Life in the Ogasawara Islands Sleep is one of the most fundamental states for animals, including humans and wildlife. When people travel to unfamiliar places, one of their first concerns is often where they will sleep that night — at least it is for me. Lizards may face a similar challenge. Like other diurnal Anolis lizard species, green anoles (Anolis carolinensis) are active during the day and rest at night.

Where Do Green Anoles Go to Sleep? Night Life in the Ogasawara Islands

Sleep is one of the most fundamental states for animals, including humans and wildlife. When people travel to unfamiliar places, one of their first concerns is often where they will sleep that night — at least it is for me.…

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Pointy Snouted Green Anole Has a Thing for Star Fruit And who could blame the little green lady--star fruit are delicious! Miriam Lipsky of Miami explains: "The star fruits (carambola) are indeed from my yard!  I was picking them to give to a friend, since no one in my family really likes them (Editor's note: hard as that is to believe!), and when I reached for one of them, this cute anole came with it, then refused to leave the basket."

Pointy Snouted Green Anole Has a Thing for Star Fruit

And who could blame the little green lady--star fruit are delicious! Miriam Lipsky of Miami explains: "The star fruits (carambola) are indeed from my yard!  I was picking them to give to a friend, since no one in my family really likes them…

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Miami Knights: Urbanization Facilitates an Invasive Anole The Cuban knight anole (Anolis equestris) was intentionally introduced to South Florida in the 1950s. Since then, they have spread along the Atlantic Coastal Ridge, into southwest Florida, and into the Florida Keys. Currently, these anoles have been documented in 23 Florida counties, including Central Florida and along the Space Coast. In fact, the northernmost observations for this species occur in St.

Miami Knights: Urbanization Facilitates an Invasive Anole

The Cuban knight anole (Anolis equestris) was intentionally introduced to South Florida in the 1950s. Since then, they have spread along the Atlantic Coastal Ridge, into southwest Florida, and into the Florida Keys. Currently, these anoles…

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At Lunch and for Lunch: Observations on Anolis Predator / Prey Interactions in South Florida On December 4, 2025 I observed an Anolis (probably A. sagrei) preying upon an adult or subadult ringneck snake (Diadophis punctatus) in a relictual hardwood hammock forest in Miami, Florida, USA. The lizard was in a vertical head-down position on a narrow tree trunk approximately 2 m above ground, and had the snake’s head in its jaws. Unfortunately, as I photographed the encounter, the anole became disturbed and released the snake, so I was unable to confirm whether the lizard would have been successful at killing and consuming the rather substantial prey item.

At Lunch and for Lunch: Observations on Anolis Predator / Prey Interactions in South Florida

On December 4, 2025 I observed an Anolis (probably A. sagrei) preying upon an adult or subadult ringneck snake (Diadophis punctatus) in a relictual hardwood hammock forest in Miami, Florida, USA. The…

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The Geography of Stickiness: What Gecko Feet Reveal about Evolution Like in Anolis lizards, the evolution of adhesive toepads in geckos is often seen as a key innovation, allowing these lizards to exploit vertical environments. Gecko toepads are among the most advanced in the animal kingdom – inspiring research in biomimetics and synthetic adhesion for years. Yet, while the physics of sticking has been studied extensively, the ecology and biogeography have not.

The Geography of Stickiness: What Gecko Feet Reveal about Evolution

Like in Anolis lizards, the evolution of adhesive toepads in geckos is often seen as a key innovation, allowing these lizards to exploit vertical environments. Gecko toepads are among the most advanced in the animal kingdom –…

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A Closer Look at Color: Female-Driven Dewlap Dichromatism in Anoles Dewlaps—the extensible throat ornaments of anoles—are classically viewed as male secondary sexual traits used in mate attraction and rival assessment. However, many species exhibit fully developed female dewlaps, and in numerous cases, male and female dewlaps differ in coloration (see some great photos and info in past Anole Annals posts here, here, here, and here! The last post actually inspired Dr.

A Closer Look at Color: Female-Driven Dewlap Dichromatism in Anoles

Dewlaps—the extensible throat ornaments of anoles—are classically viewed as male secondary sexual traits used in mate attraction and rival assessment. However, many species exhibit fully developed female dewlaps, and in numerous…

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See How They Run: Observing Lizards Helps Researchers Aim for Innovation From the Pages of Syracuse University Today: Diane Stirling Nov. 21, 2025 Estimated Reading Time: 5 minutes How geckos and anoles use sticky toepads and claws to run, climb and jump is providing clues for innovations to help humans, and is also aiding in efforts to conserve the animals' species. Through millions of years of evolution, geckos and anoles have developed curved claws and sticky toepads that make them expert climbers.

See How They Run: Observing Lizards Helps Researchers Aim for Innovation

From the Pages of Syracuse University Today: Diane Stirling Nov. 21, 2025 Estimated Reading Time: 5 minutes How geckos and anoles use sticky toepads and claws to run, climb and jump is providing clues for innovations to help…

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Color-changing Females: Just Blending in or Born to Stand Out?? Across the Anolis genus, color and color change are used in a variety of ways, from camouflage to signaling. While many studies have focused on male coloration, few have explored the more subtle females and the role that their coloration may play. We sought to continue to understand the role of rapid color change in Anolis aquaticus (the water anole). Previous work within the species has discovered that…

Color-changing Females: Just Blending in or Born to Stand Out??

Across the Anolis genus, color and color change are used in a variety of ways, from camouflage to signaling. While many studies have focused on male coloration, few have explored the more subtle females and the role that their…

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Jamaican Crown-Giant Anole Weathers Hurricane Melissa Inbar Mayaan writes: As you know, Jamaica was very badly hit by Hurricane Melissa. It made landfall in the southwest part of the island and cut across through to the north central coast before continuing northward. Images and videos are circulating that just begin to show the extent of the damage, but everyone says it’s just unfathomable. Kathryn Miller, one of the excellent Jamaican students who has been on my field team and contributed meaningfully to anole research in Jamaica, was finally able to travel out to help her mother in Santa Cruz, in the parish of St.

Jamaican Crown-Giant Anole Weathers Hurricane Melissa

Inbar Mayaan writes: As you know, Jamaica was very badly hit by Hurricane Melissa. It made landfall in the southwest part of the island and cut across through to the north central coast before continuing northward. Images and videos are…

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Anoles as the Gateway to Science Advocacy  Prologue Nearly 1500 posts. Over 300 contributors. Worldwide readership. Since its origin 15 years ago, Anole Annals has left its mark on anole researchers, reptile enthusiasts, and people curious about why these little tree lizards enchant so many of us. (Just go ahead and admit that’s a fair question!) Many posts on this blog create engaging summaries of the newest anole research, research that spans nearly every discipline of biology.

Anoles as the Gateway to Science Advocacy

 Prologue Nearly 1500 posts. Over 300 contributors. Worldwide readership. Since its origin 15 years ago, Anole Annals has left its mark on anole researchers, reptile enthusiasts, and people curious about why these little tree lizards enchant so many of us.…

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Spoil Islands in Florida: an Opportunity for Anole Experiments in the Wild Invasive species are a growing problem across our increasingly globalized planet. They are often adept at establishing stable population sizes very quickly, which allows them to outcompete native species for access to important ecological resources and expand their range. You’re on the Anole Annals, so you’re probably familiar with the poster child for invasive lizards, the brown anole (Anolis sagrei…

Spoil Islands in Florida: an Opportunity for Anole Experiments in the Wild

Invasive species are a growing problem across our increasingly globalized planet. They are often adept at establishing stable population sizes very quickly, which allows them to outcompete native species for access to…

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