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Posts by Michael Barajas

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Your State-by-State Guide to the 2026 Supreme Court Elections - Bolts Abortion, redistricting, and ballot access remain heated issues as voters face dozens of supreme court races across 32 states this year.

I decided to write about at each & every one of the 32 states with supreme court elections this year.

Why? On abortion, redistricting, death penalty, & more, these institutions & their elections remain so critical.

So here's everything you need to know. NEW from me:

2 days ago 673 309 11 25
One January 2025 legal filing on behalf of a man stopped and searched by police in Harrisonburg, a rural city on the edge of Shenandoah National Park, describes how the state’s probation and parole department has provided monthly lists of people with waivers to the Harrisonburg Police Department. According to the legal filing, city police officers regularly make calls to the dispatcher to ask whether a particular person is on the list. The man, who was searched during his stop because his name was on the list, ultimately had his case dismissed after it was revealed that police were relying on an old list when they searched him. 

Aaron Cook, a Harrisonburg attorney and president of the Virginia Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, told Bolts that prosecutors have used the waivers in every felony plea deal in the city for more than a decade. Some of his clients have had their waivers extended along with their probation because they were unable to pay court costs.

“It was so ingrained that you had to sign it or you didn’t get your deal,” he said. “There’s a lot of issues with it.”

One January 2025 legal filing on behalf of a man stopped and searched by police in Harrisonburg, a rural city on the edge of Shenandoah National Park, describes how the state’s probation and parole department has provided monthly lists of people with waivers to the Harrisonburg Police Department. According to the legal filing, city police officers regularly make calls to the dispatcher to ask whether a particular person is on the list. The man, who was searched during his stop because his name was on the list, ultimately had his case dismissed after it was revealed that police were relying on an old list when they searched him. Aaron Cook, a Harrisonburg attorney and president of the Virginia Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, told Bolts that prosecutors have used the waivers in every felony plea deal in the city for more than a decade. Some of his clients have had their waivers extended along with their probation because they were unable to pay court costs. “It was so ingrained that you had to sign it or you didn’t get your deal,” he said. “There’s a lot of issues with it.”

Virginia’s governor vetoed a bill that would’ve blocked prosecutors from forcing people to waive 4th Amend rights during plea deals

@laurengill.bsky.social reports how some VA police depts turn these waivers into a sort of dragnet for warrantless searches boltsmag.org/virginia-fou...

6 days ago 66 23 0 1
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A New Law Voids the IDs of Transgender Kansans. It Also Threatens Their Voting Access. - Bolts Almost as soon as Kansas lawmakers passed a new law targeting transgender people in late February, state officials started invalidating some people’s driver’s licenses without warning. The law, which ...

Trans erasure is also voter suppression.

New in @boltsmag.org: boltsmag.org/kansas-trans...

2 weeks ago 441 166 4 0
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The Many Fathers of The Murder of Iran As Trump threatens that "a whole civilization will die tonight," remember that he didn't get here by himself

I want to look back on this piece tonight as a hysterical overreaction. Because that will mean the peoples and the cultures of Iran will have survived.

2 weeks ago 255 63 4 7
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Pennsylvania’s Supreme Court Reins in Life Sentences for Felony Murder - Bolts The court’s ruling could create a pathway out of prison for more than 1,000 people who were automatically sentenced to life without parole for murders they themselves didn't commit.

My latest for @boltsmag.org
PA Supreme Court Reins in Life Sentences for Felony Murder boltsmag.org/pennsylvania...

3 weeks ago 103 31 1 0
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To Get Ahead of ICE, New York Leaders Learn from Other States and Cities - Bolts Immigration authorities haven’t yet descended onto New York in the numbers they have in other cities. Advocates want public officials to use this time to redouble protections.

Trump has surged large federal deployments to LA and Chicago, the 2nd and 3rd largest cities in the nation, but, while there have been arrests and operations here, not to its largest and most heavily immigrant, NYC. For @boltsmag.org, I took stock of local leaders' thinking around how to prepare

3 weeks ago 131 51 3 4
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Deaths in ICE Custody Are Growing. ‘They Let Him Rot in There.’

As the number of people in detention climb, so have the deaths: The 33 fatalities in 2025 were the most in a single year on record since the Department of Homeland Security started operating in March 2003.

Reporting w/ Allison McCann and Emiliano Rodríguez Mega

www.nytimes.com/2026/03/29/u...

3 weeks ago 176 112 4 3
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New Jersey Becomes the 10th State with a Law Barring Local ICE Contracts - Bolts New Jersey Governor Mikie Sherrill on Wednesday signed legislation banning local law enforcement agencies from partnering with federal immigration authorities, making it the 10th state to adopt laws t...

Yesterday New Jersey Gov. Mikie Sherrill signed a trio of bills protecting the state's immigrants.

New Jersey is now the 10th state (and 4th in the past year) to pass legislation outlawing local law enforcement partnerships with ICE via the 287(g) program.

boltsmag.org/new-jersey-i...

3 weeks ago 315 89 2 3
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Virginia Is Poised to Ban ICE Contracts, Unless the Feds Agree to Obey the Law. No One Expects Them to. - Bolts A bill passed by lawmakers would not outright bar local contracts with ICE. But they could continue only if ICE accepts due process rules and state courts having power over its officers.

NEW: Virginia lawmakers just passed a bill that'd forbid sheriffs and local police from contracting with ICE, if ICE doesn't say it'll follow state laws and agree to let its agents be prosecuted.

Everyone seems to agree that'd spell the end of ICE contracts in Virginia:
boltsmag.org/virginia-bil...

1 month ago 3310 949 51 87
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Americans by Name, Punished for Believing It - Bolts In a small Alaska town, American Samoans face prosecution for voting in the only country they’ve ever known. They live in a limbo, created by colonial expansion, that now confuses even public official...

Miliama Suli, matriarch of the American Samoan community of Whittier, Alaska, died this weekend.

Through her last moments, even as she was sick and clearly soon to die, the state prosecuted Mili for alleged voting crimes. It’s a wild case and worth a few minutes of your time if you’re unfamiliar:

1 month ago 35 25 1 2
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Houston police give ICE new warrant deadline after 2 arrests violated policy Houston Police Chief Noe Diaz announced Wednesday that officers would be given a 30-minute window for federal immigration agents to respond to warrant calls.

Houston’s mayor first said that city police don't cooperate with ICE. Then local reporting showed that they very much do. Now, he’s basically making it HPD policy to prolong detention and traffic stops when ICE requests it

www.houstonchronicle.com/news/houston...

1 month ago 3 5 0 0
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Judge Orders Colorado to Stop Throwing Prisoners in Solitary for Refusing to Work - Bolts Years after voters amended the state's constitution to ban forced labor in prison, a court ruling could finally make Colorado change how prison guards "compel and coerce" work.

Remember, as Jared Polis argues that Tina Peters was punished too harshly, that this is how his Department of Corrections has treated everyday, non-famous prisoners: required labor for almost zero pay, and possible solitary confinement if you decline to work.

Read this by @brycecovert.bsky.social:

1 month ago 170 60 0 4
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She Spent Nearly 23 Years in Prison for a Crime She Didn’t Commit. Now She May Be Deported. On Monday, Carmen Mejia was officially exonerated in the 2003 scalding death of an infant.

A Texas woman spent 22 years of her life behind bars for a terrible crime she didn’t commit, finally was released & exonerated, but b/c the wrongful conviction destroyed her legal status, she’s now set to be deported. www.texasmonthly.com/news-politic... @texasmonthly.bsky.social

1 month ago 129 77 3 10

I can’t stop thinking about Gustavo’s truck.

He was pulled over on a road in Minneapolis, shackled by federal agents, and almost shipped more than 1,300 miles away — to El Paso.

My hometown now echoes in every city seeing harsher immigration enforcement.

1 month ago 10 11 0 0
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She’d Never Changed Her Gender Marker. Kansas Invalidated Her License Anyway. — Assigned A trans Kansas resident recently changed her name but not her gender marker on her license, fearing what Kansas may do if she did. The Kansas DMV still flagged her ID.

This story, from @natezuke.bsky.social, is absolutely wild. A trans woman who never changed her gender marker was issued a letter invalidating her license. At the DMV they cut up her license, which had an "M" marker.

www.assignedmedia.org/breaking-new...

1 month ago 3604 1636 73 264
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ICE detains reporter Estefany Rodríguez in Nashville - Nashville Banner Reporter Estefany Rodríguez, detained by ICE with no arrest warrant, may face deportation. Her attorneys seek immediate review of the legality of her case.

Another reporter arrested by ICE. Estefany Rodríguez, a reporter for Nashville Noticias and Univision 42 Nashville, faced death threats in Colombia, came to the U.S. legally and had applied for asylum. Now she is being sent back. Nashville Banner got the story

nashvillebanner.com/2026/03/05/j...

1 month ago 19 17 1 1
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How State and Local Leaders Are Responding to ICE: Your Questions Answered - Bolts The violence of Trump’s immigration crackdown in cities across the country and the killing of protesters by federal agents have put pressure on local leaders to change their approach to... Read More

our whole staff at Bolts worked together to tackle reader questions about local and state responses to the federal immigration dragnet. lots of info here: boltsmag.org/how-state-an...

1 month ago 61 20 0 0

anyway i don't know much about Givens beyond the scandals that have made headlines in recent years. was clearly not expecting this kind of blowout. very curious to see what happens next -- she faces the same crises Creuzot struggled with, from an overcrowded and deadly jail to state interference

1 month ago 7 2 0 0
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Interview with Texas Exoneree Christopher Scott: 'I kept hope alive that one day I was going to be free.' - Innocence Project

Creuzot had a lot of backing, but Givens also had support from some notable figures in DFW like Christopher Scott, who was wrongfully convicted of murder in Dallas and has become an avid and impressive activist since his 2009 exoneration, more bg on him here innocenceproject.org/news/intervi...

1 month ago 5 3 1 0
Creuzot what happens in the justice system when no one is watching you?
Creuzot what happens in the justice system when no one is watching you? YouTube video by Amber Givens For Dallas County DA

The most pointed critique from Givens during the campaign was over this scandal involving missing evidence, w/ her arguing that Creuzot downplayed it, see this campaign video www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mbkz...

1 month ago 5 1 1 0
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Dallas District Attorney Speaks About Dallas PD Evidence Issues New information in a memo to Dallas City Council members Friday showed even more police videos than known before were improperly labeled.

Givens and Creuzot have an interesting history — she oversaw a high-profile murder case years ago where questions about missing evidence eventually snowballed into a scandal over Dallas police wrongfully deleting terabytes of data www.nbcdfw.com/news/local/d...

1 month ago 8 2 1 0
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State commission sanctions Dallas judge Amber Givens State District Judge Amber Givens was admonished and reprimanded by the State Commission on Judicial Conduct for complaints filed several years ago.

Givens, who's basically now the next DA since she faces no GOP candidate in November, had some rocky years on the bench and is now appealing state sanctions over allegations that she let a court reporter impersonate her during virtual hearings and wrongfully detained someone after being recused

1 month ago 6 2 1 0
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As Election Nears, Dallas Politicians Have Few Answers for Their Jail Crisis - Bolts For years, Mason McCormick thought he might never leave the Dallas County jail. His partner, Tammy Hinton, says that McCormick tried “to stay in good spirits,” but that grew increasingly... Read More

Creuzot, also a former judge, beat a GOP incumbent in 2018 w/ backing from reform groups bc he supported jail diversion and dropping petty charges related to homelessness or addiction—policies that drew intense backlash from GOP lawmakers who then passed new restrictions on local DAs


some bg

1 month ago 8 3 1 0
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John Cruezot concedes to Amber Givens in Dallas DA Democratic primary upset Despite the incumbent district attorney raising more in contributions than his challenger, Givens was ahead in the unofficial vote tally Wednesday morning.

one stunning down-ballot result in TX last night that folks might’ve missed was the ouster of Dallas’ two-term DA, John Creuzot, by Amber Givens, an embattled former judge who previously clashed w/ the DA in her court 

www.keranews.org/elections-20...

1 month ago 131 32 3 1

Chris's conviction was overturned & he's been out of Angola since November, but the state is *still* trying to reinstate his guilty verdict & death sentence. The family of the girl he was accused of killing now believes deeply in his innocence & has filed a remarkable amicus brief:

1 month ago 251 96 3 2

The Massachusetts Department of Correction has been fighting me for months, trying to withhold data about its collaboration with ICE.

Yesterday, I won that fight, and obtained records showing that the state has transferred more than 2,000 people into ICE custody since 2009.

A quick thread:

1 month ago 1965 782 18 39
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The Chicago real estate firm leasing an empty prison to ICE Highlands Real Estate Investment Trust looks to profit from President Trump's anti-immigrant agenda.

new: highlands reit, a small chicago-based real estate firm, is renting an empty prison it owns in colorado to ice and private prison giant geo group.

highlands is part of a network of private contractors hoping to get a cut of the $45 billion allocated to warehouse immigrants through 2029.

1 month ago 181 132 3 19
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Opposition to Mega Prison Project Shapes a Local Election in Rural Arkansas - Bolts Incarceration has become a central issue in Western Arkansas, where the governor wants to build a new prison that has angered and mobilized residents.

Before Arkansas Gov. Sarah Sanders announced a megaprison a mile from his house, Colt Shelby hadn’t voted in 15 years.

Now he says he won't miss another election.

Ahead of Tuesday's special election, I took a look at how incarceration has become the race's biggest issue in a deeply red district.

1 month ago 140 45 5 2
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Mississippi's Black Voters Brace for SCOTUS to Gut Their Political Clout - Bolts Black Mississippians won a key ruling last year in a case that challenges how the state elects supreme court justices. But the U.S. Supreme Court may soon weaken the Voting Rights Act and erase their ...

NEW: Black voters in Mississippi are on the brink of a major victory — a federal judge ordered the state to redraw its state supreme court districts to ensure greater Black representation.

But GOP lawmakers are dragging their feet for now, looking toward SCOTUS & its Callais order to "save" them:

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Massachusetts Could Be the Next State to Give Abuse Survivors a Pathway Out of Prison - Bolts The Massachusetts Survivors Act emulates recent resentencing reforms across the country that allow for reduced sentences for people with convictions related to their abuse.

incarcerated survivors continue to organize for these reforms, see this recent story from @victorialaw.bsky.social on a resentencing bill that they're pushing this year in MA -- including by testifying about horrific abuse in public legislative hearings boltsmag.org/massachusett...

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