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Posts by Graham Greenleaf

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Save the date: LVI 2026 in Montreal & CanLII’s 25th Anniversary | Lexum

CanLII & Lexum will co-host the Law via the Internet (LVI) 2026 conference lexum.com/en/blog/save... in Montreal, on Oct 12–14, 2026. Under the theme “Trusted Past, Open Future” it will discuss the evolving landscape of legal information, including the impact of AI. Save the date.

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One previously missed: Kiribati's Data Protection Act 2025 enacted August 2025, the second from a Pacific Island country (Vanuatu was first in 2024), #177 globally. Fiji & Solomons both have Bills in progress. It provides for administrative penalties, offences & compensation. @dbanisar.bsky.social

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The Global Trajectory of 50 Years of Data Privacy Laws: Will it Continue? <div> <p></p> <p><span>This is a very concise account of the trajectory of the global development of data privacy laws over their first 50 years, and the impa

In recent paper, I ask 'The Global Trajectory of 50 Years of Data Privacy Laws: Will it Continue?' papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.... The question-mark is because Trump's 'Maga-speech' ideology threatens to upset the previous half-century of progress in global development of data privacy laws.

2 weeks ago 3 1 0 0
Rules Expand India's Data Privacy Law, but Slowly <p>India’s Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 is a step closer to being in force with the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MEITY) mak

My article 'Rules Expand India's Data Privacy Law, but Slowly’ is now available on SSRN at papers.ssrn.com/abstract_id=... . I conclude that the Rules are fair, although the Act on which they are based is biased in favour of governments and companies. Any comment / discussion is very welcome.

2 weeks ago 2 0 0 0

Dave's annual update to his data privacy laws world map is invaluable as ever - 172 as at the end of 2025. My count is 176 because I include a few that only cover the public sector. Not many left to go ...

2 months ago 2 2 1 0
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Data Protection Day: New guidelines to ensure that national digital identity systems respect human rights standards - Human Rights and Rule of Law - www.coe.int Latest news from the Directorate General Human Rights and Rule of Law

#DataProtectionDay 2023

I was honoured develop these guidelines for the @coe.int in 2023

‘Data Protection Day: New guidelines to ensure that national digital identity systems respect human rights standards’
www.coe.int/en/web/human...

#NationalDigitalIdentity

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Defending MAGA-Speech: Trump’s War on Global Data Privacy In little more than six months since his second inauguration President Donald Trump has set the scene for an authoritarian regime in the US, with an aggressive

28 Jan is Data Privacy Day 2026. This year it should be not so much about celebrating achievements but rather warning of dangers and suggesting counter-measures. My contribution is 'Defending MAGA-Speech: Trump’s War on Global Data Privacy' papers.ssrn.com/abstract_id=... . Suggestions welcome.

2 months ago 0 1 0 0
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Burundi Adopts Landmark Personal Data Protection Law to Safeguard Citizens in the Digital Era - TechAfrica News A key feature of the legislation is the establishment of an independent administrative authority tasked with overseeing personal data protection.

Burundi is the 176th country to adopt a data privacy law, according to various sources including
techafricanews.com/2026/01/16/b... It includes an independent supervisory body. Burundi has ratified the African Union's Malabo Convention. (Thanks Dave Banisar @dbanisar.bsky.social)

2 months ago 3 2 0 0
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Bangladesh’s Personal Data Protection Ordinance 2025: key takeaways The law requires explicit consent for data collection and introduces strict rules

Bangladesh is one of the last countries in Asia to enact data privacy legislation - see Personal Data Protection Ordinance 2025; no English version available, but a useful article at www.thedailystar.net/tech-startup... (Thanks Dave Banisar
@dbanisar.bsky.social)

3 months ago 3 0 0 0
<p><span>Defending MAGA-speech: Trump’s war on global data privacy</span></p> <p>In little more than six months since his second inauguration President Donald Trump has set the scene for an authoritarian regime in the US, with an aggressi

My 'Defending MAGA-speech: Trump’s war on global data privacy' papers.ssrn.com/abstract_id=..., is a non-US analysis of how the authoritarian Trump Administration has developed a systematic foreign & domestic policy ideology with which to attack data privacy globally. Comments much appreciated.

4 months ago 4 4 1 0
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ChatGPT violated copyright law by ‘learning’ from song lyrics, German court rules OpenAI ordered to pay undisclosed damages for training its language models on artists’ work without permission

"Munich regional court sided in favour of Germany’s music rights society GEMA, which said ChatGPT had harvested protected lyrics by popular artists to “learn” from them" Paying for the lack of respect and permission
www.theguardian.com/technology/2...

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Loi n° 019/AN/23/9ème L Portant Code Numérique - eJO Article 1 : Le Code du Numérique est adopté. Article 2 : La présente Loi sera publiée au Journal Officiel dès sa signature. Fait à Djibouti, le 06 Juillet 2025

In January 2025 Djibouti in the Horn of Africa became the 174th country to enact a data privacy law: the Digital Code / Code Numerique covers data privacy as well as other e-commerce & cybersecurity topics www.journalofficiel.dj/texte-juridi... Thanks Dave Banisar @dbanisar.bsky.social

5 months ago 4 2 0 0
Were you on Facebook 10 years ago? You may be able to claim part of this $50 million payout Right now, more than 311,000 Australian Facebook users can apply for a slice of a A$50 million compensation fund from tech giant Meta-the largest ever payment f

Were you on Facebook 10 years ago? papers.ssrn.com/abstract_id=... Meta is paying A$50M - largest ever Australian privacy breach settlement. But the clock is ticking, until only 31/12/25. Who's eligible; how to make a claim; how much the eventual payout might be: here's what you need to know.

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AustLII – 30 Years of Free Access to Law 2025 marks the 30th anniversary of the founding of the Australasian Legal Information Institute (AustLII). AustLII has revolutionised access to law in Australia

2025 marks the 30th anniversary of the founding of the Australasian Legal Information Institute (AustLII). An article by its co-founders/directors Mowbray, Chung & Greenleaf in the Australian Law Journals discusses its history: papers.ssrn.com/abstract_id=...

6 months ago 1 1 0 0
172 Countries with Data Privacy Laws -Year by Year 1973-2025 <p>For the past 52 years, since 1973 when Sweden enacted the first national data privacy law, countries around the world have enacted new data privacy laws at a

Gambia's National Assembly passed the Personal Data Protection and Privacy Bill, 2025 on 29 September, 2025. This makes Gambia the 173rd country to enact a data privacy law. It requires Presidential assent. For the other 172 see papers.ssrn.com/abstract_id=...

6 months ago 1 0 0 0
Malaysia's complex new guidelines on cross-border data transfers <p>Malaysia’s <i>Personal Data Protection Act</i> (PDPA) was one of the earliest enacted in Asia, but not brought into force until 2013. In 2024 it underwent it

My article on Malaysia's complex new guidelines on cross-border data transfers is at papers.ssrn.com/abstract_id=... . Still a poor law after 2024 reforms, but definitely improving.

6 months ago 2 0 0 0
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The deeper story behind America's pending loss of free speech The real reason Disney restored Kimmel's late-night show

The real reason Disney restored Kimmel's late-night show? We, the people, have extraordinary power. Let me explain. robertreich.substack.com/p/the-deeper-story-behin...

6 months ago 2706 713 84 38

AustLII www.austlii.edu.au (1995 - ) and the other LIIs in the Free Access to Law Movement still stick to the ideals of the 90s, survive and sometimes thrive.

6 months ago 3 2 1 0
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Cartoon by David Pope titled "Tall Poppy Syndrome".
ABC reporter John Lyons stands holding a microphone amongst reporters bowing flat sycophantically before Donald Trump. Trump points at him and says "Tell the Australian Prime Minister to weed thus one out."

Cartoon by David Pope titled "Tall Poppy Syndrome". ABC reporter John Lyons stands holding a microphone amongst reporters bowing flat sycophantically before Donald Trump. Trump points at him and says "Tell the Australian Prime Minister to weed thus one out."

David Pope captures it beautifully.

7 months ago 1 23 1 0
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Civil society urges EU to reassess Israel’s adequacy status - European Digital Rights (EDRi) The letter urges the European Commission to reassess Israel’s data protection adequacy status under the GDPR.

Data flows and digital repression: Civil society urges EU to reassess Israel’s adequacy status

edri.org/our-work/dat...

9 months ago 17 9 0 1

Sending troops into US cities against their will.

Strong-arming corporations and extracting gifts in exchange for tariff exemptions.

Calling on state governments to gerrymander in his favor.

Trump is the "big government" nightmare conservatives have always warned us about.

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Cambodia's Draft Data Privacy Law: Too Much is Left to Delegated Prakas Cambodia is one of the last four of the eleven ASEAN countries that has not enacted a data privacy law. Cambodia’s Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications (MPT

Cambodia's Post & Telecoms Ministry has released a draft law on personal data protection in July 2025. Still no DPA, and relies on dozens of prakas (regs) being made. See my article on the 2023 Bill: papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.... May be better than nothing, but maybe not if there is no enforcement

8 months ago 5 0 0 0

Dave's map is accurate for the 166 'comprehensive' laws. Add laws restricted to either the private sector (Singapore, Malaysia, Brunei, Bahrain, China, UAE, Vietnam, Qatar), or only the public sector (Yemen), & you get 172 countries with data privacy laws. See my papers.ssrn.com/abstract_id=...

8 months ago 3 0 1 0

Same goes for GCC jurisidtions, such as the UAE (including that of DIFC, ADGM), KSA, Qatar, Oman etc

8 months ago 3 1 0 0

This map is just ignorant concerning the many African and Latin American countries with data privacy laws, and under-estimates the influence of the GDPR elsewhere. 172 countries have such laws. Dave Banisar's map - see Post following - is much more accurate on the extent of countries with laws.

8 months ago 2 0 1 0

Apology: correct URL is papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers....

8 months ago 1 0 0 0
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My article 'Global data privacy 2025: International agreements stall' at download.ssrn.com/2025/8/10/53... surveys 2023-24's hi-spots: EU adequacy slo-mo; 108+ non-ratification; Malabo Convention stuck at 16/55 AU; ECOWAS withdrawals; CBPRs as dead parrot; CPTPP with added Brexit; RCEP uber FTAs.

8 months ago 3 1 0 1

AustLII (www.austlii.edu.au) will host the 22nd Law Via Internet Conference (Nov 13-14, Sydney) lvi2025.org. 24 presenters are listed on a new Conference Program page lvi2025.org/program/. Further submissions of abstracts are open until 31 August lvi2025.org/callforpapers/. Registration is open.

8 months ago 0 1 0 2

BSA now supports comprehensive privacy laws, and is horrified by states adopting new (outrageous) laws that actually gives consumers some rights. So not really a good or even comprehensive law, or probably a law at all really. I’m feeling a certain sense of deja vu all over again.

8 months ago 0 2 1 0

Important hearing discussing need for comprehensive privacy protections in US just starting.

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