Bruegel Clean Tech Tracker Bruegel’s European Clean Tech Tracker compiles economic information on clean technologies. Its objective is to show where Europe stands in these expanding sectors. Explore the latest insights below or...

Interactive data available at the @bruegel.org clean tech tracker - european-clean-tech-tracker.bruegel.org/s/hSRQYg and jobs data sourced from @prognos.com

Europe has a booming solar industry which employs one-in-every-thousand people. While manufacturing solar panels seemingly receives unending policy attention, all the jobs are in the installation and maintenance of panels.

Anything that slows installations - like tariffs in the 2010s - hurts jobs

Figure is from the IEA Energy Technology Perspectives 2026.

Meanwhile, with my colleagues @tagliapietra.bsky.social @jzettelmeyer.bsky.social we have argued that the EU should look to enable such green intermediate product trade www.bruegel.org/sites/defaul...

The IEA adds to a growing evidence base that the competitive production of green steel in the EU (and Japan) will depend upon the ability to import low-cost green iron.

This is not deindustrialisation, but rather replaces today's situation where steelmakers import iron ore and coking coal.

Bruegel Clean Tech Tracker Bruegel’s European Clean Tech Tracker compiles economic information on clean technologies. Its objective is to show where Europe stands in these expanding sectors. Explore the latest insights below or...

Battery manufacturing data available: european-clean-tech-tracker.bruegel.org/technology/b...

Alongside many challenges, the new Hungarian government inherits a booming clean tech industry.

🇭🇺Hungary is the largest battery producer in Europe & an increasingly important EV manufacturer. For context, annual battery & EV exports are larger than oil imports.

Sure, should expect filling to accelerate as demand drops in summer months. Of course complicated this year by LNG price pressure

European gas storage has started its summer refill.

Storage sits at 30% capacity today. EU rules target 80% filling by 1 November.

April injections are averaging 0.2 percentage points of capacity per day.

A straight-line path to the 80% target would involve 0.25% pts per day.

Yeah, Asian response looks very flexible so far.

Even with strait closed for a while I'd hope we see far more limited nat gas impacts. Comparable volume to RU shock but EU less directly exposed and EU gas demand 20% < than 2022.

(regardless, nice piece!)

Agreed on oil. But you think gas shock will be same as 2022? My base case would be far less serious than 2022 for gas. Currently it seems €50 per MWh is enough to outcompete Asian buyers for flexible US cargoes.

Was a pleasure to work with @anunezjimenez.com James Kneebone and Olivia Moor.

📜 Pleased to share a new journal article - "A new European energy policy paradigm revealed by changes in hydrogen strategies"

Through text analysis we find a shift in government hydrogen policy priorities toward energy security after 2022 energy crisis.

www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...

This tool for now set up with data back to Jan 2025 - european-clean-tech-tracker.bruegel.org/overview/dep....

Ember tool is great for a comparison over time - ember-energy.org/data/europea...

I was similarly surprised to see south Norway prices quite high

Another energy crisis - another lack of unbiased, relevant, timely ENERGY DATA for policy-making:

What is possible: The US Energy Information Administration, provides among many other series granular weekly! oil&petroleum data for: refinery production, imports, exports, prices, stocks, ...
1/4

Daily price data as well as generation shares available:

european-clean-tech-tracker.bruegel.org/overview/dep...

European power prices are split since the US-Iran conflict. Gas-reliant markets like Italy and Ireland have seen high prices (€140/MWh) while renewable rich regions including Spain, Portugal and Sweden see far lower prices (€40/MWh).

These are average wholesale daily prices (8am to 8pm).

Coal offers an important flexibility in the coming days and weeks - demand will grow marginally, but clean energy will be the real long-term winner of today's natural gas price shock

www.bloomberg.com/opinion/arti...

5. 🏠Reduce vulnerable household demand.

Heat pump sales jumped in 2022 but have slowed since, another boost now needed.

The 11 million HPs installed between 2022 and 2025 cut European gas demand by between 30 and 60 TWh each year, or 3 to 6 percent of household gas demand.

🎯 What to do

4. Take advantage of summer season to prepare for winter demand. Storage filling mandates that countries reach 80-90% full storages by November, which they have done each year since 2022. This will imply crowding out some summer demand.

❌ What not to do

2. Indiscriminately cutting prices (or weakening the ETS) is a mistake, weakening incentives to reduce demand and boost alternative investment

3. Re-opening Russian gas is a non-starter, even entertaining such short-sightedness is frankly incredible.

1. EU's exposure is indirect but becomes more significant the longer Qatari gas is offline.

How Europe should respond to the Iran gas shock – and how it shouldn’t The European Union should act now to head off growing impacts from the Iran conflict on gas prices and availability

🆕 How Europe should respond to the Iran gas shock – and how it shouldn’t

Short thread on piece just published 👇

w/ @bruegel.org colleagues

@aroth.bsky.social @gzachmann.bsky.social @keliauskaite.bsky.social @tagliapietra.bsky.social

www.bruegel.org/analysis/how...

How Europe should respond to the Iran gas shock – and how it shouldn’t The European Union should act now to head off growing impacts from the Iran conflict on gas prices and availability

A short thread on a few key points from our NEW analysis I’d like to highlight:
www.bruegel.org/analysis/how...

by @aroth.bsky.social @tagliapietra.bsky.social @keliauskaite.bsky.social @bmcwilliams.bsky.social and T.Mramor 1/12

Collected vehicle registration data Frequently updated charts and data for new vehicle registrations across countries.

Indonesia EV data (and more) via @robbieandrew.bsky.social great resource (robbieandrew.github.io/carsales/).

In December 2025, the new battery EV registration share in Indonesia was 35% !!

It's only one month, but potential for Indonesia to move ahead of the EU, whose record monthly BEV share is 23%.

🇨🇳 Indonesian EV market is dominated by Chinese models

Bruegel Clean Tech Tracker Bruegel’s European Clean Tech Tracker compiles economic information on clean technologies. Its objective is to show where Europe stands in these expanding sectors. Explore the latest insights below or...

The @bruegel.org investments dataset available here

european-clean-tech-tracker.bruegel.org

Q4 2025 Update | European Clean Tech Manufacturing Investment

We track 200+ ongoing investments distributed between construction start and end dates.

🔋Battery investment stable at €2 bn quartlery
🚗EV investment down as EC proposes weakening 2035 target
☀️Solar investment remains marginal

Carbon pricing beyond borders: assessing climate policy spillovers from the EU carbon border adjustment mechanism EU CBAM is nudging trade-exposed partners towards carbon pricing, but spillovers are concentrated in high and upper middle-income countries

www.bruegel.org/working-pape...

Early evidence suggests the EU's carbon border tariff is encouraging other countries to introduce carbon taxation.

My @bruegel.org @camille-reverdy.bsky.social colleagues find that countries with greater trade exposure to CBAM have increased carbon pricing announcements since the EU's proposal