Single-dose versus multi-dose steroid therapy in pediatric nephrotic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Corticosteroids are the cornerstone of therapy for steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome, yet the best dosing strategy remains uncertain. Read this Systematic Review /Meta-analysis of single-dose vs. multi-dose steroid therapy in pediatric NS. Open Access
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Technicalities, current evidence, and clinical indications of hemoadsorption in critically ill children
Hemoadsorption devices are a major advancement in extracorporeal organ support therapies. Read this Educational Review of technicalities, current evidence, & clinical indications of hemoadsorption in critically ill children. Free access this month.
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Artificial intelligence in pediatric nephrology: current applications and emerging frameworks for evidence generation
AI is rapidly transforming many areas of medicine, & pediatric nephrology may be a field of particular relevance. Read this Review of AI in pediatric nephrology: current applications & emerging frameworks. Open Access
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Clinical relevance of urine cultures in low-risk febrile infants under 3 months of age with negative urine dipsticks
Clinical significance of positive urine cultures in febrile infants w/negative dipsticks remains debated. Read this Original Article on urine cultures in low-risk febrile infants < 3 months old w/negative urine dipsticks. Open Access
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Infection prophylaxis following anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies in childhood kidney diseases
Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), which act as B-cell–depleting therapies, are important treatments for a range of pediatric kidney diseases. Read this Educ Review of infection prophylaxis following mAbs in childhood kidney diseases. Open Access
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Complement and kidney diseases: unlocking the opportunity of targeted treatments for glomerular diseases, including IgA nephropathy
Therapeutic complement inhibitors, which target complement pathway components, could revolutionize treatment for a broad range of kidney diseases. Read this Review of targeted treatments for glomerular diseases. Open Access
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Terlipressin in pediatric hepatorenal syndrome-acute kidney injury (HRS-AKI)
Children w/chronic liver disease are at increased risk of AKI, which could be non-hepatorenal syndrome AKI (non-HRS-AKI) or hepatorenal syndrome AKI (HRS-AKI). Read this Review of terlipressin in pediatric HRS-AKI. Open Access
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Steroid-induced adrenal insufficiency in children with nephrotic syndrome: a systematic review
Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (NS) is the most common glomerular disease in children. Read this Systematic Review /Meta-analysis of steroid-induced adrenal insufficiency in children w/NS. Open Access
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Safely limiting the use of antibiotic prophylaxis and invasive testing in asymptomatic children with antenatally detected hydronephrosis
Antenatal hydronephrosis (HN) is the most common congenital urinary tract abnormality, but mgmt is controversial. Read this Original Article on safely limiting antibiotic prophylaxis & invasive testing in asymptomatic children w/antenatally detected HN.
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Clinical burden, genetic heterogeneity, and diagnostic implications in primary hyperoxaluria type 2
Primary hyperoxaluria type 2 is a rare genetic disorder of oxalate due to a defect in the glyoxalate reductase/ hydroxypyruvate reductase enzyme. Read this Original Article on characteristics & outcomes in a pediatric population in Pakistan.
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Treatment outcomes and ongoing pediatric trials in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome
Despite an increasing number of therapeutic options for pediatric patients w/steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), treatment resistance & risk of progression to kidney failure are still high. Read this Review of outcomes & ongoing trials in SRNS.
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Prediction of split renal function and obstruction with magnetic resonance urography in comparison with dynamic renal scintigraphy
Magnetic resonance urography (MRU) examinations allow assessment of kidney functions through recently developed image post-processing techniques. Read this Original Article on prediction of split renal function & obstruction w/MRU. Open Access
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Serum total cholesterol as an early indicator of clinically significant proteinuria in children
Hypercholesterolemia is considered a consequence of nephrotic syndrome secondary to hypoalbuminemia-induced hepatic overproduction of lipoproteins. Read this Research Letter on serum total cholesterol as an early indicator of proteinuria in children.
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Coexistence of acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis and acute rheumatic fever: case report and systematic review
Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) & acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) are serious non-suppurative complications of group A β-hemolytic streptococcal infections. Read this Systematic Review /Meta-analysis of coexistence of APSGN & ARF. Open Access
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Association between serum cystatin C levels and hypertension in children with kidney scarring
Kidney scarring (KS) secondary to urinary tract infections is a common cause of secondary hypertension in children. Read this Original Article on the association between serum cystatin C levels & hypertension in children w/KS.
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Prevalence of bone mineral disease in children with acute kidney disease on continuous kidney replacement therapy: a case-control study
The effect of continuous kidney replacement therapy w/regional citrate anticoagulation on bone mineral disease of AKI disease has not been well studied. Read this Original Article on prevalence of bone mineral disease in children w/AKI disease on CKRT.
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Polycythemia vera as a cause of systemic hypertension
An underlying medical condition as a cause for elevated blood pressure is suspected when hypertension occurs in younger children or those w/markedly high readings. Read these Clinical Insights into polycythemia vera as a cause of systemic hypertension.
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Urinary calcium-to-citrate ratio predicts kidney stone risk in children under the age of two years
The urinary calcium-to-citrate (Ca/Cit) ratio is an indicator of lithogenic risk in older children, but no reference data exist for infants & toddlers. Read this Original Article on Ca/Cit ratio & kidney stone risk in children under 2 years. Open Access
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Multidisciplinary neonatal acute kidney injury provider perceptions and practice patterns
A 2017 survey of neonatologist & pediatric nephrologist perceptions & practice showed that neonatal AKI was underappreciated. Read this Original Article on an updated survey: have perceptions & practices changed w/increased awareness of AKI?
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Children w/cancer have had many improvements in cure rates through advancements in surgery, chemotherapy & radiation therapy. Read this Educational Review of nephrotoxicity of immunotherapy & targeted therapies treating pediatric cancer. Free access this month.
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Procalcitonin kinetics in critically ill children: impact of continuous kidney replacement therapy modality and dose
AKI is common in critically ill children, frequently necessitating continuous kidney replacement therapy. Procalcitonin (PCT) is widely used as an infection biomarker. Read this Original Article on PCT kinetics in critically ill children. Open Access
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Little kidneys amid large global inequities
CKD is a common non-communicable disease in children, & kidney dysfunction is the leading metabolic risk factor for death. Significant inequities exist in access to care worldwide. Read this Review of global disparities in pediatric CKD. Open Access
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Low-density lipoprotein apheresis for recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in pediatric kidney transplant recipients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (rFSGS) is a major cause of graft failure in pediatric patients. Read this Systematic Review/ Meta-analysis of low-density lipoprotein apheresis for rFSGS in pediatric kidney transplant recipients. Open Access
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Perinatal risk factors and 2-year neurodevelopmental outcome of early acute kidney injury in very preterm and very low birth weight infants
AKI is a significant complication for preterm infants, impacting both short- & long-term outcomes. Read this Original Article on perinatal risk factors & 2-year neurodevelopmental outcome of early AKI in preterm & low birth weight infants. Open Access
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Single relapse at ≥ 0.5 mg/kg alternate-day prednisone predicts course of childhood nephrotic syndrome
Around half of children w/steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome are eventually diagnosed w/frequently relapsing or steroid-dependent disease. Read this Original Article on how prednisone predicts course of childhood nephrotic syndrome.
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Early post-approval experience of the selective cytopheretic device surveillance registry for pediatric AKI requiring kidney replacement therapy
The selective cytopheretic device for pediatrics (SCD-PED) was granted a Humanitarian Device Exemption in 2024 by the US FDA. Read this Original Article on post-approval experience of the SCD-PED for AKI requiring kidney replacement therapy. Open Access
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Prevalence of HIV-associated nephropathy in children: a systematic review with meta-analysis of studies published between 2004 and 2019
Despite major advances in antiretroviral therapy, HIV infection remains a significant global public health challenge. Read this Systematic Review /Meta-analysis of prevalence of HIV-associated nephropathy in children. Open Access
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Telerehabilitation exercise program in pediatric patients after kidney transplantation: a randomized clinical trial
Although kidney transplantation (KT) improves kidney function, children w/CKD often show incomplete recovery of physical function. Read this Original Article on a telerehabilitation exercise program in pediatric patients after KT. Open Access
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Diagnostic accuracy of serum cystatin C for pediatric acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Early & accurate detection of AKI in children is difficult because serum creatinine rises late & lacks sensitivity. Read this Systematic Review /Meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy of serum cystatin C for pediatric AKI.
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AsPNA Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of infection-related glomerulonephritis
Infection-related glomerulonephritis (IRGN) is the leading cause of acute glomerulonephritis in children worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Read these AsPNA Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of IRGN.
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