Hong Kong is an unreliable place to take the global economic temperature. Just as the Asian financial hub’s climate can swing from blazing sunshine to tropical thunderstorms in a few hours, its inhabitants are prone to exaggerated bouts of optimism and pessimism. Hong Kong’s weather this week was mostly glorious, and the city’s capital markets are humming. Yet meetings with bankers, business leaders and bureaucrats left a gloomier impression.
The impending energy crunch dominated conversations in hotels and offices overlooking Hong Kong’s famous harbour. Severe shortages of oil, gas, and related products are approaching Asian economies like a freight train. Elevated shipping rates and insurance costs have pushed prices much higher than global benchmarks suggest. Georges Elhedery, HSBC’s chief executive, told delegates attending the bank’s Global Investment Summit that the all-in cost of getting oil to Sri Lanka reached $286 a barrel – almost three times the going rate for Brent crude. The price of jet fuel in northwestern Europe has doubled since late February. Higher energy costs and a shortage of fertilizer will feed through into food: consumer goods groups are considering emergency price hikes. Central bankers think higher inflation is inevitable. Although Iran’s announcement on Friday that the Strait of Hormuz had reopened drove down oil and gas futures, prices look set to remain elevated.
The energy squeeze is also upending public finances. In countries like Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand, governments are spending heavily to subsidise petrol and diesel to shield citizens from the worst of the pain. This cannot last: “Consumers need to learn there is a crisis,” one senior Asian official told me. Fiscal pressure may prompt policymakers to tap companies as a source of funds. The CEO of one Asian conglomerate is bracing for windfall taxes and other charges. Several Indian states this week hiked minimum wages.
Optimism about artificial intelligence partly offset the economic malaise. Bank executives are increasingly convinced that code-writing chatbots can quickly take over some tasks performed by workers, allowing financial institutions to shrink headcount or redeploy staff. AI is leeching into finance in other ways, too. Jeremy Allaire, the CEO of stablecoin operator Circle, sketched out a future where countless autonomous agents authorise and process payments without human input. Joseph Lubin, the CEO of Consensys, told me that the convergence of AI and finance is the latest front in the ongoing battle between controlled systems and the decentralised networks envisaged by cryptocurrency pioneers.
Trust, or the lack of it, was a recurring theme. Almost everyone I spoke to in Hong Kong had lost any confidence they might have had in the Trump administration’s ability to steer the global economy. One senior banker mused that, though a U.S. ban on oil exports would be a terrible idea, Donald Trump might still impose one. And while the crisis caused by the Iran conflict has underscored China’s relative economic resilience and enhanced its geopolitical clout, the People’s Republic is showing few signs of wanting to help. Even if the Iran war is ending, the scars from the past seven weeks will endure.
Spent the past week in Hong Kong, talking to executives, financiers and policymakers. Wrote up my impressions for the Week in @breakingviews.reuters.com newsletter, which just landed in subscribers' inboxes. To get the whole thing every weekend sign up here: www.reuters.com/newsletters/...