Its basic message is that security threats do not arrive in neat categories. They overlap, reinforce one another, and target the internal resilience of democratic societies.

It is broad in scope, detailed in examples, and notably more explicit than many similar annual reports about the operational links between propaganda, intelligence work, cyber activity, sabotage, and social destabilization.

The latest annual review from Estonia’s Internal Security Service, KAPO, is worth reading closely, not just because Estonia sits on the front line of pressure from Russia, but because the report is unusually clear about how modern hostile influence actually works.

What Estonia’s latest KAPO report tells us about modern influence oper The latest annual review from Estonia’s Internal Security Service, KAPO, is worth reading closely, not just because Estonia sits on the front line of press

NAFO Forum - What Estonia’s latest KAPO report tells us about modern influence operations nafoforum.org/magazine/wha...

From Misinformation to Percepticide The first explanation people reach for after an event like the Southport riots is misinformation. A false name spreads. A false story spreads. Social media

NAFO Forum - From Misinformation to Percepticide nafoforum.org/magazine/fro...

The speech is not really about isolated lies online.

It is about the conditions under which democratic judgment takes place, and how those conditions are being deliberately degraded.

not because it says disinformation is bad, which everybody already knows, but because it shows how the European Union is starting to understand the problem in more concrete and strategic terms.

Kaja Kallas’s keynote at the 2026 Conference on Countering Foreign Information Manipulation and Interference is worth reading closely,

What Kaja Kallas’s speech tells us about the next phase of information Kaja Kallas’s keynote at the 2026 Conference on Countering Foreign Information Manipulation and Interference is worth reading closely, not because it says

NAFO Forum - What Kaja Kallas’s speech tells us about the next phase of information warfare nafoforum.org/magazine/wha...

NAFO Forum - The Kremlin’s Useful Chaos: Troop Watch Data from the 1992-1994 Red Army Withdrawal from the Baltic Countries nafoforum.org/magazine/the...

For years, some of us kept insisting that propaganda and influence operations were not side issues but a real security problem for democratic societies.

Four years into this war, that argument is no longer fringe.

The harder question now is whether our response has matured as fast as the threat.

Four Years In, the Disinformation Field Is Changing For years, some of us kept insisting that propaganda and influence operations were not side issues but a real security problem for democratic societies. Fo

NAFO Forum - Four Years In, the Disinformation Field Is Changing nafoforum.org/magazine/fou...

This creates an invisible and dangerous gap.

On one side sit institutions producing serious, painstaking research about how modern influence works.

On the other side are ordinary citizens living inside its effects without language to recognize them.

Between the two lies silence.

Yet the forces they describe shape political decisions, public moods, and sometimes the path toward conflict itself.

Most people will never read a 300-page government research report.

They will never encounter phrases like “active measures,” “hybrid influence,” or “reflexive control.” These words belong to analysts, not citizens.

When influence does not look like influence Most people will never read a 300-page government research report. They will never encounter phrases like “active measures,” “hybrid influence,” or “refle

NAFO Forum - When influence does not look like influence nafoforum.org/magazine/whe...

A false claim appears online. It spreads quickly.

Journalists debunk it. Platforms remove it. Policymakers promise new safeguards.

Then the cycle repeats, often with a different narrative but the same sense of exhaustion.

Why influence is no longer about content - and why our defenses keep missing the system

For years, public debate about disinformation has followed a familiar pattern.

From Disinformation to Cognitive Infrastructure Why influence is no longer about content — and why our defenses keep missing the system For years, public debate about disinformation has followed a famil

NAFO Forum - From Disinformation to Cognitive Infrastructure nafoforum.org/magazine/fro...

Yet almost immediately, attention shifted away from what the initiative claimed it would do and toward something more basic: how it was structured, who convened it, and where authority within it appeared to sit.

At this year’s World Economic Forum in Davos, a new structure was unveiled under the name “Board of Peace.”

It arrived with ceremony and with the kind of language that tends to accompany moments of global uncertainty.

When Meaning Becomes the Battlefield At this year’s World Economic Forum in Davos, a new structure was unveiled under the name “Board of Peace.” It arrived with ceremony and with the kind of

NAFO Forum - When Meaning Becomes the Battlefield nafoforum.org/magazine/whe...

The more useful question today is not why a particular story exists, but which operational system keeps producing similar stories, who pays for that system, which infrastructure allows it to function, and where it can be disrupted.

That reflex made sense when misinformation was mostly accidental or marginal. It breaks down in an environment shaped by foreign information manipulation and interference, where falsehoods do not appear randomly but are produced continuously by organised systems.

The machinery behind the message

When a false story appears online, the instinctive reaction is to ask whether it is true and who posted it.

NAFO Forum - Why Disinformation Doesn’t Stop When a Story Is Debunked nafoforum.org/magazine/why...

⛈️Support the Storm⛈️
#ToonieTuesday UPDATE

$2,750 ✅ - $12,500 🎯

Silence the Threat. Power the Storm. EW systems help Burevii neutralize enemy drones and prevent reconnaissance before it reaches their lines. Every €2 £2 $2 makes a difference, let's go!

#NAFO #Ukraine #FNDRUA #StandWithUkraine

How Russia exterminated Ukrainians and got away with it Six Hundred Years of Hate Stephen Komarnyckyj exposes how a history of hatred was hidden in plain sight using freely available sources and made the presen

NAFO Forum - How Russia exterminated Ukrainians and got away with it nafoforum.org/magazine/how...

STING vs Lancet🥊

Bulava shows the aftermath🫡

Shop Bulava merch at the Wild Hornets store: www.bonfire.com/store/wildho...

Merch counts for tix in our raffle: bsky.app/profile/wild...

Please join the raffle to help hero Ukainian soldiers keep putting ruzzia's fail army in the ground🔥

Cognitive Warfare Explainer Cognitive warfare is not a future threat and it is not a military theory waiting to be tested. It is already happening, mostly unnoticed, and largely misun

NAFO Forum - Cognitive Warfare Explainer nafoforum.org/magazine/cog...