New Review. Journal of Endocrinology logo. Clocks on steroids: how glucocorticoid receptors tell cells the time. By Anna Edmondson et al. Figure 3.Transcriptional and non-transcriptional interactions between the GR and the circadian clock. Transcriptional interactions: i) GR-mediated transcriptional activation of PER1 and PER2 leading to an increase in PER1 and PER2 abundance (17, 26, 27, 41, 42, 43, 75). ii) Direct binding of the GR to CLOCK and BMAL1, which themselves bind to E-boxes upstream of NR1D1. Through tethering, the GR represses NR1D1, resulting in a decrease in REV-ERBa abundance (45, 46). iii) In a rhythmic fashion, CRY binds to the GR and represses the GR’s transcriptional activation activities (54). iv) CLOCK/BMAL1 acetylates the GR’s hinge region to suppress its transcriptional activities (32)...Journal of Endocrinology 269, 1; 10.1530/JOE-25-0340 Published by Bioscientifica logo. 80 Years 1946-2026 Society for Endocrinology logo.
⏰ Glucocorticoids synchronise cellular circadian rhythms via canonical and rapid non‑canonical GR signalling, but the exact mechanism remains unclear. This review outlines current knowledge, key gaps, and how disrupted GC rhythms contribute to circadian‑linked disease.
doi.org/10.1530/JOE-25-0340