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Posts by Developmental Biology

DIC images of hermaphrodite reproductive tracts of N2 that have embryos in their uterus (A) and spe-21(syb4299) that have only unfertilized oocytes in their uterus (B). Visualizing sperm loss after the start of ovulation in day 1 and day 3 adult spe-21(syb4299) (D, F) and N2 (C, E) worms raised at 20 °C. The positions of the spermathecae are marked by yellow boxes. Sperm nuclei are visualized using DAPI staining as small, bright puncta due the presence of highly condensed nuclear material.

DIC images of hermaphrodite reproductive tracts of N2 that have embryos in their uterus (A) and spe-21(syb4299) that have only unfertilized oocytes in their uterus (B). Visualizing sperm loss after the start of ovulation in day 1 and day 3 adult spe-21(syb4299) (D, F) and N2 (C, E) worms raised at 20 °C. The positions of the spermathecae are marked by yellow boxes. Sperm nuclei are visualized using DAPI staining as small, bright puncta due the presence of highly condensed nuclear material.

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Palmitoyltransferase gene spe-21 is necessary for Caenorhabditis elegans spermiogenesis

By Saai Suryanarayanan, Dawn Chenm, Yamei Zuo, Elizabeth Gleason, Zhaorong Zhu, Steven L'Hernault, Amber Krauchunas, Andrew Singson

tinyurl.com/sx3jd6a9

8 hours ago 2 1 0 0
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🚨Next DevBioConnect on the way

Developmental Biology Author webinar featuring

Dr. Diana Fulmer
@dianavoss.bsky.social

Dr. Amber D. Ide

🗓️May 12th, 2026
⏰11 am–12 pm CST
@socdevbio.bsky.social

Register here👇
docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1F...

21 hours ago 12 2 0 1
Percentage of PCs undergoing cell proliferation is not changed but the percentage of PCs undergoing apoptosis is increased upon CDK1 and PLK1 inhibition. (A) PCs were immunolabeled with the Sp1 antibody shown in red. Dividing cells at the gastrula stage are shown in green and DNA is shown in blue. Scale bar = 50 μm. Orthogonal projection of images shown.

Percentage of PCs undergoing cell proliferation is not changed but the percentage of PCs undergoing apoptosis is increased upon CDK1 and PLK1 inhibition. (A) PCs were immunolabeled with the Sp1 antibody shown in red. Dividing cells at the gastrula stage are shown in green and DNA is shown in blue. Scale bar = 50 μm. Orthogonal projection of images shown.

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Proteins involved in cell division have broad tissue-specific functions in sea urchin development

By Jessica Benito, Elizabeth McCulla, Raisa Sumaiya, Jia Song

tinyurl.com/554jhd6h

1 day ago 3 2 0 0
Pibf1m1Bei variant results in excision of exon9 resulting in loss of the coil-coiled domain in PIBF1 protein

Pibf1m1Bei variant results in excision of exon9 resulting in loss of the coil-coiled domain in PIBF1 protein

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Centriolar protein PIBF1 is required for craniofacial and forebrain development: its variants results in ciliopathies, craniofacial anomalies & semilobar holoprosencephaly

by Lylyan Pimentel, Samantha Brugmann, et al @brugmannlab.bsky.social
www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...

2 days ago 9 4 0 0
Prediction of liquid–liquid phase separation in key regulators of skeletal muscle development

Prediction of liquid–liquid phase separation in key regulators of skeletal muscle development

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Liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) in skeletal muscle: A new frontier in muscle biology

by Mingfu Xiong, Yun Chen, Yongsheng Zhang, Yilong Yao, et al
www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...

2 days ago 6 1 0 0
Summary of Artificial Development System Models

Summary of Artificial Development System Models

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Engineering development: From the repressilator and toggle switch to synthetic developmental biology

by Margaret Saha et al
www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...

4 days ago 5 3 0 0
Classification of RNA biosensors by function, mechanism, delivery, and cellular context

Classification of RNA biosensors by function, mechanism, delivery, and cellular context

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Potentials of RNA biosensors in developmental biology

by Ehsan Pashay Ahi, Mehran Khorshid
www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...

5 days ago 3 2 0 1
Tg(elavl3:mCherry-CAAX) labels axons within the larvae spinal cord

Tg(elavl3:mCherry-CAAX) labels axons within the larvae spinal cord

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Effects of age on the response to spinal cord injury: optimizing the larval zebrafish model

by Whitney Walker, Karen Mruk et al.

www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...

6 days ago 3 2 0 0
Genomic rearrangement of the Hox cluster in a dung beetle species with derived cephalic horn morphology

Genomic rearrangement of the Hox cluster in a dung beetle species with derived cephalic horn morphology

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Divergent Hox cluster arrangement in horned beetles retain conserved embryonic and adult expression patterns.

by Erica Nadolski, Isabel Manley, Sukhmani Gill, Armin Moczek @ericanadolski.bsky.social

tinyurl.com/ycxabrh5

1 week ago 13 9 0 0
Hand-traced cell tracking of convergent extension cell movements in the Xenopus mesoderm.

Hand-traced cell tracking of convergent extension cell movements in the Xenopus mesoderm.

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Quantifying convergent extension: Shih and Keller's quintessential work in developmental cell biology

by Robert Huebner, John Wallingford @jbwallingford.bsky.social
www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...

1 week ago 6 2 0 0
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Lineage tracing of NPCs in developing kidney reveals Rac1 required for NPCs formation. (A) Frozen section of Six2Cre;R26RtdT and Rac1fl/fl;Six2Cre;R26RtdT at E16.5 counterstained with DAPI. TdTomato expression labels all Six2+NPC derivatives. Blank arrowheads point to NPCs in cap mesenchyme. Green arrowheads point to SSB. Yellow arrowheads point to glomeruli. Scale bar, 100um.

Lineage tracing of NPCs in developing kidney reveals Rac1 required for NPCs formation. (A) Frozen section of Six2Cre;R26RtdT and Rac1fl/fl;Six2Cre;R26RtdT at E16.5 counterstained with DAPI. TdTomato expression labels all Six2+NPC derivatives. Blank arrowheads point to NPCs in cap mesenchyme. Green arrowheads point to SSB. Yellow arrowheads point to glomeruli. Scale bar, 100um.

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Rac1 is essential for kidney development, by controlling proliferation and self-renewal in nephron progenitor cells.

By Chunmin Dong, Hongbing Liu, Jessica Chang, Eric Yang, Eddie Xu, Samir El-Dahr, Fenglei He

tinyurl.com/4vbjmzak

1 week ago 8 4 0 0
PROX1 directs Type II SGN axon turning non-cell autonomously. Peripheral axons of Type II SGNs immunolabeled for Neurofilament (NF-H, green) in Emx2-Cre; Prox1 cKOs or littermate controls, and Bhlhe22-Cre; Prox1 cKOs and littermate controls. Arrowheads indicate incorrectly turning axons.

PROX1 directs Type II SGN axon turning non-cell autonomously. Peripheral axons of Type II SGNs immunolabeled for Neurofilament (NF-H, green) in Emx2-Cre; Prox1 cKOs or littermate controls, and Bhlhe22-Cre; Prox1 cKOs and littermate controls. Arrowheads indicate incorrectly turning axons.

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PROX1 is necessary for cellular patterning, innervation and differentiation in the mouse ear organ of Corti

By Shubham Kale, Dimitri Traenkner, Ellison Goodrich, Satish Ghimire, Thomas Coate, Michael Deans

tinyurl.com/4catf6vr

1 week ago 4 2 0 0
Generation of endogenously tagged Nup96-mEGFP and Impβ-mScarlet-I to visualize the nuclear morphology and transport machinery in Drosophila

Generation of endogenously tagged Nup96-mEGFP and Impβ-mScarlet-I to visualize the nuclear morphology and transport machinery in Drosophila

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Endogenously tagged Nup96-mEGFP and Impβ-mScarlet-I reveal the spatiotemporal distribution of these markers in developing Drosophila egg chambers and early embryos.

by Yuki Shindo, Shruthi Balachandra, Amanda A. Amodeo

www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...

1 week ago 14 3 0 1
Early asymmetric cleavage and distribution of serotonin in early Ilyanassa embryos. (A) Schematic figures of the first three asymmetric macromere divisions (4, 8, and 12-cell stages) of the Ilyanassa embryo. Four macromeres are generated during the first two division cycles. During each successive cleavage cycle, each macromere undergoes an asymmetric division and produces a smaller daughter cell (micromere) with a distinct cell fate. The macromeres divide at an oblique angle, clockwise from the animal-vegetal axis, and generate the first micromere daughter cells. In the next cleavage, macromeres divide at a similar oblique angle, counterclockwise from the animal-vegetal axis, and generate the second micromere daughter cells. (B-D′) Serotonin distribution during the 4-cell stage. Co-staining with serotonin (red) and β-tubulin (green) antibodies and DAPI-stained DNA (blue) is shown. During interphase serotonin was detected in the center of the array of microtubules (arrowheads) and the macromere cortex. During prometaphase, an apical section shows that serotonin is concentrated in the apical cytoplasm (C, arrowhead). During metaphase, serotonin is localized to the surface of the macromere and concentrated around the apical spindle pole.

Early asymmetric cleavage and distribution of serotonin in early Ilyanassa embryos. (A) Schematic figures of the first three asymmetric macromere divisions (4, 8, and 12-cell stages) of the Ilyanassa embryo. Four macromeres are generated during the first two division cycles. During each successive cleavage cycle, each macromere undergoes an asymmetric division and produces a smaller daughter cell (micromere) with a distinct cell fate. The macromeres divide at an oblique angle, clockwise from the animal-vegetal axis, and generate the first micromere daughter cells. In the next cleavage, macromeres divide at a similar oblique angle, counterclockwise from the animal-vegetal axis, and generate the second micromere daughter cells. (B-D′) Serotonin distribution during the 4-cell stage. Co-staining with serotonin (red) and β-tubulin (green) antibodies and DAPI-stained DNA (blue) is shown. During interphase serotonin was detected in the center of the array of microtubules (arrowheads) and the macromere cortex. During prometaphase, an apical section shows that serotonin is concentrated in the apical cytoplasm (C, arrowhead). During metaphase, serotonin is localized to the surface of the macromere and concentrated around the apical spindle pole.

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Serotonin-receptor antagonist treatment disrupts typical asymmetric cleavage in mud snail I. obsoleta embryos, suggesting a novel role for serotonin signalling

By Ayaki Nakamoto, Lisa Nagy

tinyurl.com/bpaexdsw

1 week ago 10 2 0 0
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🚨Next DevBioConnect on the way

Developmental Biology Author webinar featuring
Dr. Janelle M. Welton
Dr. Katherine A. Maniates

🗓️Apr. 14th, 2026
⏰11 am–12 pm CST
@socdevbio.bsky.social

Register here👇
docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1F...

www.sdbonline.org/meeting?Reso...

2 weeks ago 10 5 0 0
ippk-1 mutants display neuron intercalation and VNC extension defects. (A) Brightfield images of embryos and corresponding deconvolved fluorescence images of the VNC at 1.5 fold in WT and mutants, with the cytoplasm of DD neurons labeled with unc-30p::gfp and the membranes of DD and DA neurons labeled with cnd-1p::PH::mCherry. The magenta box indicates the approximate area of the middle panels. Schematics of the corresponding middle panel VNC show DD neurons highlighted in green.

ippk-1 mutants display neuron intercalation and VNC extension defects. (A) Brightfield images of embryos and corresponding deconvolved fluorescence images of the VNC at 1.5 fold in WT and mutants, with the cytoplasm of DD neurons labeled with unc-30p::gfp and the membranes of DD and DA neurons labeled with cnd-1p::PH::mCherry. The magenta box indicates the approximate area of the middle panels. Schematics of the corresponding middle panel VNC show DD neurons highlighted in green.

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IPPK-1 and IP6 contribute to ventral nerve cord assembly in C. elegans, suggesting an ancient role of IP isomers in central nerve cord development.

By N Noblett, T Roenspies, C Kirezi, C Stubbert, S Flibotte, P Shah, A Colavita

tinyurl.com/4824tjdk

2 weeks ago 4 1 0 0
Schematic drawing of human early development, from pre-implantation to gastrulating embryo, and the extra-embryonic and placental signalling to it.

Schematic drawing of human early development, from pre-implantation to gastrulating embryo, and the extra-embryonic and placental signalling to it.

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A comprehensive overview of signaling events by extra-embryonic tissues in epiblast development and early lineage decisions in the human embryo.

By Yong Wang, Lijing Wu, Meifeng Zheng, Jianhua Zhu, Lujuan Rong, Kaimin Yang, Xinyue Hu, Lifeng Xiang, Kui Duan

tinyurl.com/mwdchmpd

2 weeks ago 5 1 0 0
Transgenic mouse Robo1 and Robo2 (mRobo1/2) can signal midline repulsion in Drosophila neurons. (A–K) Ventral nerve cords from Drosophila embryos carrying elav-GAL4 and the indicated HA-tagged UAS-Robo transgenes, stained with anti-HRP (magenta; labels all axons) and anti-FasII (green; labels a subset of longitudinal axon pathways) (A–F) or anti-HA (G–K). Embryos carrying elav-GAL4 alone (A) display a wild type ventral nerve cord with a ladder-like axon scaffold, two commissures per segment, and three distinct FasII-positive longitudinal pathways on either side of the midline. Misexpression of Robo1 with elav-GAL4 (B) inhibits midline crossing, and commissures are thin or absent (arrowhead with asterisk). In embryos misexpressing mRobo1 (C) or mRobo2 (D) with elav-GAL4, many segments have reduced or absent commissures (arrowhead with asterisk), and in some segments FasII-positive axons ectopically cross the midline (arrow with asterisk). FasII-positive longitudinal pathways also appear disorganized in (B–D). Embryos misexpressing mRobo3.1 (E) or mRobo3.2 (F) appear wild type. (G–K) HA-tagged Robo1 and mRobos are expressed on longitudinal axons (arrows), and mRobo proteins are also detectable on midline crossing axons when present (arrowheads in H-K).

Transgenic mouse Robo1 and Robo2 (mRobo1/2) can signal midline repulsion in Drosophila neurons. (A–K) Ventral nerve cords from Drosophila embryos carrying elav-GAL4 and the indicated HA-tagged UAS-Robo transgenes, stained with anti-HRP (magenta; labels all axons) and anti-FasII (green; labels a subset of longitudinal axon pathways) (A–F) or anti-HA (G–K). Embryos carrying elav-GAL4 alone (A) display a wild type ventral nerve cord with a ladder-like axon scaffold, two commissures per segment, and three distinct FasII-positive longitudinal pathways on either side of the midline. Misexpression of Robo1 with elav-GAL4 (B) inhibits midline crossing, and commissures are thin or absent (arrowhead with asterisk). In embryos misexpressing mRobo1 (C) or mRobo2 (D) with elav-GAL4, many segments have reduced or absent commissures (arrowhead with asterisk), and in some segments FasII-positive axons ectopically cross the midline (arrow with asterisk). FasII-positive longitudinal pathways also appear disorganized in (B–D). Embryos misexpressing mRobo3.1 (E) or mRobo3.2 (F) appear wild type. (G–K) HA-tagged Robo1 and mRobos are expressed on longitudinal axons (arrows), and mRobo proteins are also detectable on midline crossing axons when present (arrowheads in H-K).

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Evolutionary conservation of midline repulsive signaling by Robo family receptors in flies and mice.

By Allison Loy, Trent Daiber, Timothy Evans

tinyurl.com/mudtsbnj

2 weeks ago 5 4 0 0
Expression of E(spl) genes in R1/6 precursors re-specifies them as R7s or cone cells

Expression of E(spl) genes in R1/6 precursors re-specifies them as R7s or cone cells

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Roles played by Enhancer of split transcription factors in Drosophila R7 photoreceptor specification

"RTK & Notch signaling pathways jointly specify the R7 fate"

by Ronald Arias, Yannis Mavromatakis, Andrew Tomlinson
www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...

2 weeks ago 2 1 0 0
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Morphological changes in Achilles tendons of mice administered tamoxifen at postnatal day 3. TEM images of collagen fibrils in Achilles tendons from 10-week-old wild-type, Mkx Venus-CreERT2/+, Mkx flox/+ and Mkx cKO mice. Scale bars, 200 nm.

Morphological changes in Achilles tendons of mice administered tamoxifen at postnatal day 3. TEM images of collagen fibrils in Achilles tendons from 10-week-old wild-type, Mkx Venus-CreERT2/+, Mkx flox/+ and Mkx cKO mice. Scale bars, 200 nm.

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Previously unrecognized gene dosage effects suggest that maintaining appropriate levels of Mkx may be critical for tendon homeostasis.

By Lin Liu, Tomoki Chiba, Takahide Matsushima, Maiko Inotsume, Tomomi Kato, Yuichi Hiraoka, Hiroshi Asahara

tinyurl.com/paazm7wy

3 weeks ago 2 1 0 0
Chitin fingers (WGA staining) are found on the interior of brown scale cells often surrounded by plasma membrane (Arm staining)

Chitin fingers (WGA staining) are found on the interior of brown scale cells often surrounded by plasma membrane (Arm staining)

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Calreticulin is required for cuticle deposition and trabeculae formation inside butterfly wing scale cells

by Ru Hong, Cédric Finet, Antónia Monteiro
www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...

3 weeks ago 11 3 0 0
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🚨Next DevBioConnect on the way

Developmental Biology Author webinar featuring

Dr. Janelle M. Welton &
Dr. Katherine A. Maniates 📷

🗓️Apr. 16th, 2026
⏰11 am–12 pm CST
@socdevbio.bsky.social

Register here👇
docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1F...

www.sdbonline.org/meeting?Reso...

3 weeks ago 4 3 0 0
Text: "Goldilocks protein kinase DYRK1A" A schematic of a human overlayed with a purple scale. On the left of the scale "Down syndrome" and the drawing of a mammalian embryo and a tadpole. On the right "DYRK1A syndrome" and the drawing of a fish and chick embryo.

Text: "Goldilocks protein kinase DYRK1A" A schematic of a human overlayed with a purple scale. On the left of the scale "Down syndrome" and the drawing of a mammalian embryo and a tadpole. On the right "DYRK1A syndrome" and the drawing of a fish and chick embryo.

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The role of Goldilocks protein kinase DYRK1A in embryonic development

By Katherine Johnson, Larisa Litovchick, Amanda Dickinson

tinyurl.com/4asapuv9

3 weeks ago 13 5 0 0
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Submit to our Developmental Biology Special Issue - Receptor tyrosine kinase signaling in development!😎

Guest editors
Katherine Fantauzzo @fantauzzolab.bsky.social
Jennifer Fish

Deadline April 30th, 2026

@socdevbio.bsky.social

Linked here👇
www.sciencedirect.com/special-issu...

1 month ago 9 5 0 0
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Submit to our Developmental Biology Special Issue - Receptor tyrosine kinase signaling in development!😎

Guest editors
Katherine Fantauzzo @fantauzzolab.bsky.social
Jennifer Fish

Deadline April 30th, 2026

@socdevbio.bsky.social

Linked here👇
www.sciencedirect.com/special-issu...

1 month ago 7 5 0 0
Framework for integrating projects that demonstrate different levels of transfer into an upper level science course. Step 1 is similar to what is already being taught in an upper level course: students learn science concepts through textbook chapters, research articles, lectures, and discussions. In step 2, students examine related societal issues, work together to research the topics through review of the primary literature, and communicate what they learned to a broader audience of science majors who are not in the course. In step 3, students use a multidisciplinary approach to apply their disciplinary knowledge to something they care about that is outside the discipline. This requires students to produce work that is far away from the initial context where they gained knowledge and communicate complex science to a general audience.

Framework for integrating projects that demonstrate different levels of transfer into an upper level science course. Step 1 is similar to what is already being taught in an upper level course: students learn science concepts through textbook chapters, research articles, lectures, and discussions. In step 2, students examine related societal issues, work together to research the topics through review of the primary literature, and communicate what they learned to a broader audience of science majors who are not in the course. In step 3, students use a multidisciplinary approach to apply their disciplinary knowledge to something they care about that is outside the discipline. This requires students to produce work that is far away from the initial context where they gained knowledge and communicate complex science to a general audience.

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Introducing societal issues in an upper level STEM course increases student engagement and knowledge transfer

By Nicole Theodosiou, Stacie Cassat Green, Emil Napier

tinyurl.com/4x2kswfm

1 month ago 5 1 0 0
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Michael Abercrombie (1912–1979) [left] and Graham Dunn (1944–2024) [right] in a lighter moment of enjoyable conversation at a reception in the 1970s. Michael supervised Graham's PhD dissertation at University College London in the mid-1960s (Jones and Bershadsky, 2024) and Graham went on to be one of his key collaborators (e.g., Abercrombie and Dunn, 1975). Image owner: Gareth Jones. This image may not be reproduced without written permission from the owner.

Michael Abercrombie (1912–1979) [left] and Graham Dunn (1944–2024) [right] in a lighter moment of enjoyable conversation at a reception in the 1970s. Michael supervised Graham's PhD dissertation at University College London in the mid-1960s (Jones and Bershadsky, 2024) and Graham went on to be one of his key collaborators (e.g., Abercrombie and Dunn, 1975). Image owner: Gareth Jones. This image may not be reproduced without written permission from the owner.

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Revisiting three 1950s studies where Abercrombie and colleagues introduced timelapse microscopy and quantitative measurements, leading to key discoveries in cell motility

By Alan Love and Yoshinari Yoshida

tinyurl.com/mtfdvc35

1 month ago 8 4 0 0
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Stem cell scientists & Developmental biologists, do not miss this great event!

Stem Cell & Developmental Biology Early Career Symposium is on the way

September 23 - 25, 2026
Seattle, WA

Deadline: May 1

@socdevbio.bsky.social @alleninstitute.org @isscr.org

www.sdbonline.org/meeting?Reso...

1 month ago 6 5 0 0
Stem Cell & Developmental Biology Early Career Symposium September 23-25, 2026 Allen Institute, Seattle, WA Apply to attend today! Applications close May 1 QR Code to symposium website: https://alleninstitute.org/events/stem-cell-developmental-biology-early-career-symposium/ Allen Institute logo; International Society for Stem Cell Research logo; Society for Developmental Biology logo

Stem Cell & Developmental Biology Early Career Symposium September 23-25, 2026 Allen Institute, Seattle, WA Apply to attend today! Applications close May 1 QR Code to symposium website: https://alleninstitute.org/events/stem-cell-developmental-biology-early-career-symposium/ Allen Institute logo; International Society for Stem Cell Research logo; Society for Developmental Biology logo

Applications open for the Stem Cell & Developmental Biology Early Career Symposium being held September 23-25, 2026 in Seattle, WA. This joint symposium is a collaboration between @alleninstitute.org, @isscr.org and @socdevbio.bsky.social Application Deadline: May 1. bit.ly/4p98dkv

1 month ago 12 9 0 0
FGF-induced loss of the common crus is rescued by RA E9 paint-filled inner ear of controls (A) and ears implanted with FGF2- (B), RA- (C, E), or both RA- and FGF2- soaked beads (D, F, G) at E5. (B) An inner ear implanted with a bead soaked with FGF2 causes loss of the common crus (A, green arrow). (C,E) Inner ears implanted with beads soaked with a half (E) or standard dose (C) of RA. Only the standard dose of RA results in a widened common crus-like structure (C, green double arrow) and absence of canals. Ears with half dose of RA are largely normal with slightly misshapen canals and thinner common crus (magenta arrows), compared to the control (A). (D) Inner ears implanted with beads soaked with both FGF2 and RA resulted in phenotypes similar to ones treated with RA alone (C). (F, G) Inner ears implanted with beads soaked with FGF2 and the half dosage of RA at E5 exhibit intact canals and common crus with minor defects in canals and common crus (magenta). However, the width of the common crus is wider compared to ones treated with low dose RA alone (E). Abbreviation: A, anterior; aa, anterior ampulla; asc, anterior semicircular canal; cc, common crus; D, dorsal; la, lateral ampulla; lsc, lateral semicircular canal; pa; posterior ampulla; psc, posterior semicircular canal.

FGF-induced loss of the common crus is rescued by RA E9 paint-filled inner ear of controls (A) and ears implanted with FGF2- (B), RA- (C, E), or both RA- and FGF2- soaked beads (D, F, G) at E5. (B) An inner ear implanted with a bead soaked with FGF2 causes loss of the common crus (A, green arrow). (C,E) Inner ears implanted with beads soaked with a half (E) or standard dose (C) of RA. Only the standard dose of RA results in a widened common crus-like structure (C, green double arrow) and absence of canals. Ears with half dose of RA are largely normal with slightly misshapen canals and thinner common crus (magenta arrows), compared to the control (A). (D) Inner ears implanted with beads soaked with both FGF2 and RA resulted in phenotypes similar to ones treated with RA alone (C). (F, G) Inner ears implanted with beads soaked with FGF2 and the half dosage of RA at E5 exhibit intact canals and common crus with minor defects in canals and common crus (magenta). However, the width of the common crus is wider compared to ones treated with low dose RA alone (E). Abbreviation: A, anterior; aa, anterior ampulla; asc, anterior semicircular canal; cc, common crus; D, dorsal; la, lateral ampulla; lsc, lateral semicircular canal; pa; posterior ampulla; psc, posterior semicircular canal.

#DBfeature 👂

Opposing effects between retinoic acid and Fibroblast growth factor in patterning the common crus and semicircular canals of the inner ear

By Weise Chang, John Hopper, Doris K. Wu

tinyurl.com/3pemcrfk

1 month ago 10 2 0 0