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Posts by Lawrence Freedman

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Elections 2026: London There are local elections in the UK every May, and every year I do a preview.

New post:

"Elections 2026: London"

In my final preview I've split London into ten different battlegrounds to show how the capital's politics is evolving. With predictions for each borough.

In collaboration with the brilliant @londoncentric.media

(£/free trial)

samf.substack.com/p/elections-...

7 hours ago 56 12 5 4

This is a long but fascinating read from @ldfreedman.bsky.social on how Ukraine has rapidly turned into a world leader in drone technology, and how that has got Russia worried.

1 day ago 74 15 2 0
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Is Ukraine winning the drone race? Barely six months ago it appeared that Russia was ahead in the drone race.

Have the Ukrainians regained the lead in the drone race? The Russians seem to think so. In this post I look at the evidence that there has been a step change in Ukrainian capabilities. (£/free trial), open.substack.com/pub/samf/p/i...?

2 days ago 82 20 1 1
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Elections 2026: The Five Battlegrounds There are local elections in the UK every May, and every year I do a preview.

New post:

"Elections 2026: The Five Battlegrounds"

With national politics fragmenting I've sorted all councils up for election outside London into five groups to help explain how things are evolving.

Incl predictions for all 104 councils.

(£/free trial)

samf.substack.com/p/elections-...

5 days ago 30 14 2 1
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Peter Duncan obituary Other lives: Lecturer at UCL who wrote books on Russian politics and advised the House of Commons

Nice obituary of Pete Duncan, the legendary scholar and teacher of Russian politics. Generations of students and colleagues benefitted from his kindness, his knowledge, and his academic rigour. A unique, and uniquely valuable, scholar. www.theguardian.com/world/2026/a...

6 days ago 81 17 2 1
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Tactical Success, Strategic Failure? Washington Walks the Path to Defeat in Iran Six weeks after the United States and Israel launched a war against Iran, what was the political object? Not the military means and objectives — those are

“War exacts a toll so severe that only the clearest and most necessary purposes can justify it. If…Iran is still in the fight and still able to exact major military and economic costs, then it is fair to ask what purpose this war truly serves.”

warontherocks.com/tactical-suc...

6 days ago 63 15 5 1
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The fall of Orbán What it means for the global battle against the radical right

With Orban comprehensively defeated in the Hungarian elections @samfr.bsky.social considers what lessons might be drawn in the wider struggle against the radical right (£/free trial), samf.substack.com/p/the-fall-o...

1 week ago 64 10 1 0

There was even a Linebacker 1 and a Linebacker 2

1 week ago 5 0 1 0
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The causes and consequences of Trump’s defeat The Islamabad negotiations were supposed to conclude the Iran War in such a way that the US and Israel would have something to show for the thousands of lives lost and ruined, the vast quantities of o...

The great military historian Lawrence Freedman with an excellent summary of the causes of US defeat in Iran.
Please read consider following.
@ldfreedman.bsky.social
samf.substack.com/p/the-causes...

1 week ago 921 338 34 10
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The causes and consequences of Trump’s defeat The Islamabad negotiations were supposed to conclude the Iran War in such a way that the US and Israel would have something to show for the thousands of lives lost and ruined, the vast quantities of o...

This is my assessment of why Trump’s war went so badly wrong. Underestimating an enemy and a belief in a quick victory are familiar sources of failure, compounded in this sense by incredible ultimatums and delusional claims. (£/free trial), open.substack.com/pub/samf/p/t...?

1 week ago 415 127 27 23
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Preview
The causes and consequences of Trump’s defeat The Islamabad negotiations were supposed to conclude the Iran War in such a way that the US and Israel would have something to show for the thousands of lives lost and ruined, the vast quantities of o...

This is my assessment of why Trump’s war went so badly wrong. Underestimating an enemy and a belief in a quick victory are familiar sources of failure, compounded in this sense by incredible ultimatums and delusional claims. (£/free trial), open.substack.com/pub/samf/p/t...?

1 week ago 415 127 27 23
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The Age of Forever Wars Why military strategy no longer delivers victory.

“Rather than discrete events with a beginning, a middle, and an end, wars might be better understood as the result of poor and dysfunctional political relations that are difficult to manage by nonviolent means,” wrote Lawrence Freedman in a 2025 essay.

1 week ago 56 11 0 1
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Understanding MAGA This piece orginally appeared in the Times Literary Supplement and is reproduced with their permission.

New post out:

"Understanding MAGA"

I look at the four different strands that make up MAGA philosophy (such as it is), the contradictions between them, and whether it can survive as a movement post Trump.

(Free to read)

open.substack.com/pub/samf/p/u...

1 week ago 154 53 15 7
Top Military Strategist: How The Iran War Is Breaking Global Stability | Sir Lawrence Freedman
Top Military Strategist: How The Iran War Is Breaking Global Stability | Sir Lawrence Freedman YouTube video by Not Just Money

I enjoyed doing this podcast with the ‘Not Just Money’ podcast, discussing the Iran War and much else.Top Military Strategist: How The Iran War Is Breaking Global Stability |... youtu.be/K2UznnEedm4?... via @YouTube

1 week ago 25 6 0 0
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A Plan to End the Iran War? This post was largely written yesterday with the aim of identifying a possible way forward to bring an end to the Iran War.

As proposals start to emerge for a ceasefire in the Iran War what chances to they have for success and what might be needed to get Iran to open the Strait (£/free trial) open.substack.com/pub/samf/p/a...?

2 weeks ago 43 10 4 2
Lawrence Freedman’s new book On Strategists & Strategy.

Lawrence Freedman’s new book On Strategists & Strategy.

Weekend reading: finished @ldfreedman.bsky.social’s On Strategists & Strategy, a delightfully eclectic collection of essays ranging from first person reminiscences to reflections on the implementation of strategy, Iraq, Ukraine and, with deadpan effect, the Barbie Movie.

3 weeks ago 17 3 1 1
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Trump runs out of options For the past week I have been in Washington.

I’ve just got back from a week in Washington DC, where Iran War main topic of discussion. I was struck by how the weakness of the administration means that it is ill equipped to deal south a crisis of this magnitude. samf.substack.com/p/trump-runs...

3 weeks ago 176 38 7 6
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Iran and the consequences for Britain We don’t know how long the war in the Gulf will last.

New post just out:

"Iran and the consequences for Britain"

We don't know how long the war will last but it's already caused enough damage to upend politics here.

I look at the economic and geopolitical rammifications + how government can respond.

(£/free trial)

open.substack.com/pub/samf/p/i...

4 weeks ago 145 45 6 7
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Has the Russian offensive in Ukraine stalled? Will they make any progress with their spring campaign?

While attention naturally focuses on Iran the war in Ukraine continues. Russia may be in the early stages of a spring offensive and so far it is not going well. I explore in this post (£/free trial), samf.substack.com/p/has-the-ru...

1 month ago 245 70 5 5

As has been the case for a long time, going by this well-evidenced and -written overview, what we're seeing in Ukraine isn't a stalemate that will eventually settle into a new fixed position, but rather two sides pushing hard against each other, grappling desperately for an advantage. Unstable, iow.

1 month ago 23 5 1 0
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Has the Russian offensive in Ukraine stalled? Will they make any progress with their spring campaign?

While attention naturally focuses on Iran the war in Ukraine continues. Russia may be in the early stages of a spring offensive and so far it is not going well. I explore in this post (£/free trial), samf.substack.com/p/has-the-ru...

1 month ago 245 70 5 5
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The lifeline election (part two) Can Trump steal the midterms?

If Trump wants to prevent a massive Republican defeat in the midterms how might he do this and how likely is it that he would succeed? Sam discusses his options and explains why it is not so easy, and the effort could harm Republicans. (£/free trial) samf.substack.com/p/the-lifeli...

1 month ago 16 2 2 0
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The lifeline election (part two) Can Trump steal the midterms?

New post just out:

Can Trump steal the midterms?

He certainly wants to but it's no so easy. I look at all the things he could try and the challenges with each.

And why his attempts may hurt the Republicans rather than boost their chances.

(£/free trial)

open.substack.com/pub/samf/p/t...

1 month ago 145 39 7 5

Very good, informative post as always. And I agree about Ossoff, definitely got the look of someone who could try for President one day.

1 month ago 18 5 1 0

Another post on this from Sam on Thursday.

1 month ago 1 0 1 0
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The lifeline election (part one) Can the Democrats take control of Congress?

The midterm elections in US have become even more important than before. Dems should win House but until recently assumed couldn’t win Senate. Has this changed. Sam looks at 9 key states. £/free trial), samf.substack.com/p/the-lifeli...

1 month ago 55 12 1 1
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The Split-Screen War Finding a way out of a war gone badly wrong

“His basic problem, whatever his bones tell him, is that even if Trump wanted to declare the war over today and order a ceasefire then there is no guarantee that Iran would follow.” A brilliant essay from @ldfreedman.bsky.social on the war in Iran. samf.substack.com/p/the-split-...

1 month ago 229 45 11 2

True

1 month ago 2 2 1 0

I agree. I think there is an internal debate about how far they should go, although IRGC in driving seat. I don’t know enough about it but I recall from Ukrainian discussions on Black Sea de-mining that mines are easier to spot mow than they used to be.

1 month ago 6 0 1 0

The quality of this external analysis is in sharp contrast to the absurd carelessnesss of the principal actors

1 month ago 83 15 2 0