Cattle encounter gray wolves (Canis lupus) in the study area in California's Sierra Nevada. Top: A B. taurus bull and a member of the Lassen Wolf Pack (Canis lupus). Bottom: A first calf heifer (B. taurus) and a member of the Lassen Wolf Pack. Image credit: K.W. Tate and T.L. Saitone.
New paper out in Ecology & Evolution! 🐺🐄 We were invited to collaborate on this project based on the McCowan-Vandeleest lab’s work using hair cortisol as a welfare indicator in non-human primates — a method we’re now bringing to a very different species and ecology. 🧵 1/8 @vanditto.bsky.social