Figure 1. Bicycle share of trips in New York City, London, Paris, and Berlin, 1990–2023. Note: the actual years vary slightly by city, as follows: New York: 1990,2000, 2010, 2019, 2022; London: 1993, 2000, 2010, 2019, 2022; Paris: 1990, 2000, 2010, 2017, 2023; Berlin: 1992, 1998, 2010, 2018, 2023. The percentages shown in thegraphic refer to the bicycle share of all trips, all trip purposes, based on travel surveys for each city. Sources: City of Paris, 2000–2023; City of Berlin, 2003–2025;Kalender,2012; NYCDOT, 2018–2023; Pucher, Parkin, et al.,2021; TfL, 2000–2023.
This paper compares trends in cycling levels, cyclist demographics and cycling injury risk in NewYork, London, Paris and Berlin, before and after the COVID pandemic. We explore these trends inthe context of changes to policy and infrastructure before, during, and after COVID. We based ouranalysis on data from published reports, open-data portals, government websites, travel surveys,and information provided by transport planners in each city. Cycling levels in NYC, London, Paris,and Berlin increased over the three decades prior to COVID (1990–2019). As a percentage of dailytrips, bike mode share rose from 0.6% to 2.2% in New York, from 1.2% to 3.7% in London, from0.4% to 5% in Paris, and from 7% to 18% in Berlin. Cycling rates have continued to increase sinceCOVID. By 2023, bike mode shares had risen further to 3% in NYC, 4.5% in London, 11% in Paris,and 19% in Berlin. Cycling became safer in all four cities over the period 2005 to 2023, withdeclining per-trip fatality and injury rates. More and better cycling infrastructure has been acornerstone of pro-cycling efforts, especially cycleways separated from motor vehicle traffic (pro-tected bike lanes). Bike parking and bikesharing systems have expanded and improved. Car restric-tions and traffic calming have complemented pro-bike measures, for example, using infrastructureand enforcement to reduce traffic volumes and speeds in residential neighborhoods. Long-termpolitical support as well as cycling advocacy organizations have been critical to the introductionand continuation of pro-bike policies and the necessary financial investments.
Truly wild research on the change in bike mode share in NYC, London, Paris and Berlin.
Between 2000 and 2023, Paris went from 1 out of every 100 trips being on a bike to *one out of 9!*
Many people, including credible researchers, would have told you that that *could not* happen.