On the flow topology and mean flow characteristics of the swirl jet upon impingement Jet impingement enhances heat transfer and is characterized by the complex flow patterns formed when a jet impacts a plate aligned normal to it. While tradition

Smaller jet-to-plate distances intensify turbulence in swirl jets, highlighting how impingement geometry controls flow patterns. Key insights for heat management and surface-fluid interaction studies.

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#fluidmechanics #heattransfer #SwirlJets #turbulence #FlowTopology