Study area and distribution of shipborne bathymetric data. The background bathymetry is derived from the topo_27.1 model. The ratio of control points to validation points is 4:1.

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "Uncertainty analysis of bathymetry inversion in the South China Sea: a comparison of deep learning and Bayesian approaches", Zhou et al. This is Fig. 4: please visit academic.oup.com/gji/article/... to read the paper. @royalastrosoc.bsky.social

(a) Map showing quaternary faults (QUIN 2.0 by G. Lavecchia et al. 2024) and the locations of earthquakes with microseismic Intensity I0 ≥ VII that occurred in the study region after A.D. 1000, represented with different symbols according to their intensity (see legend), as reported in the Parametric Catalogue of Italian Earthquakes (CPTI15; A. Rovida et al. 2022; table 2). P and C stand for Pollino and Castrovillari faults, while MB and CB stand for Mercure Basin and Crati Basin, respectively. Circles show the trench sites where paleoseismological investigations identified faulting events related to earthquakes of magnitude 6.5–7, which occurred between the sixth and fifteenth centuries A.D. (A.M. Michetti et al. 2000; F.R. Cinti et al. 2002, 2015a, b). The low-velocity anomaly (LVA) of −4 per cent identified at the depth levels of 3 km is shown (C. Totaro et al. 2014). The main structure, the Sangineto Line, is reported (F. Ghisetti & L. Vezzani 1981). Notable heat-flow anomalies (i.e. 49 mW m^(−2)) were measured near the Sangineto Line (data from The Global Heat Flow Database: Release 2021). The approximate location of thermal water and gas emissions are reported with different symbols according to the prevalent gas emission (see legend; F. Italiano et al. 2010; A. Minissale et al. 2019). In the bottom-left inset is reported a simplified sketch of the central Mediterranean region plate margins. (b) Epicentral distribution of the earthquakes that occurred in the study area between February 2000 and November 2024 (updated from M. Palano et al. 2023). Epicentres are reported with different symbol sizes and colours, according to their magnitude and focal depth, respectively (see legends). The LVA of −4 per cent identified at the depth levels of 3 km is also shown (C. Totaro et al. 2014).

Published in #GJI : "Seismic attenuation and scattering tomography reveal lithospheric complexity and fluid signatures across the Southern Apennines–Northern Calabrian boundary (South Italy)", Adam Alddoum Adam et al. academic.oup.com/gji/article/... @royalastrosoc.bsky.social

Summary of metamorphic decarbonation efficiency in all the numerical models. (a) Schematic illustration shows the decarbonation process and decarbonation efficiency of different lithological layers, with the predicted values shown in (b). The white lines indicate the thermal structure of subduction zones. (b) The ranges of decarbonation efficiency are summarized for all the models with variable φ and also for the specific case with φ = 30 km (i.e. the most favourable case in the present-day Earth as shown in Fig. 8).

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "Deep carbon cycling in subduction zones: 1. Thermally controlled metamorphic decarbonation of subducting oceanic slab", Wang et al. Please visit academic.oup.com/gji/article/... to read the paper. @royalastrosoc.bsky.social @academic.oup.com

Map of KiK-net stations in Iwate Prefecture. Stations are marked with triangles and labelled with their codes. The inset map at the bottom right shows the location of Iwate Prefecture within Japan.

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "Estimating subsurface velocity and resonance frequency changes using two decades of KiK-net data in the Iwate Prefecture, Japan", Schibuola et al. Please visit academic.oup.com/gji/article/... to read the paper. @royalastrosoc.bsky.social

A 20-yr historical earthquake map of the Sichuan Basin. The map here outlines the fault system of the region (black lines) with earthquake events (red dots), with the Longmen Shan and Xianshuihe Fault outlined. Longmen Shan fault strikes from SW to NE, and Xianshuihe Fault from SE to NW. The stars highlight the two main earthquake events in the region over the past 20 yr (P.-Z. Zhang et al. 2010; X. Xiwei et al. 2013). Previous study has shown that there is an approximately 45 km seismic gap between the aftershock zones of Wenchuan and Lushan earthquake (S. Zhu 2016). The map was created using Geomapapp (W.B.F. Ryan et al. 2009; https://www.geomapapp.org/), with fault line location supported by X. Wu et al. (2024).

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "Identifying main shock–aftershock sequences on the Longmen Shan Fault: comparison between two cluster analysis techniques", Wan & Heron. This is Fig. 1: please visit academic.oup.com/gji/article/... to read the paper. @royalastrosoc.bsky.social

Map view of the study region. The colour squares denote the permanent seafloor seismic network (S-net) that is composed of six subsystems (S1–S6) with 150 stations. The yellow star denotes the main shock epicentre of the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake (Mw 9.0). The red triangles denote active volcanoes. The black solid and dashed lines represent plate boundaries. Japan T, the Japan trench; Kuril T, the Kuril trench.

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "Subslab heterogeneity and geodynamics of Japan subduction zone", Suzuki et al. This is Fig. 1: please visit academic.oup.com/gji/article/... to read the paper. @royalastrosoc.bsky.social @academic.oup.com

Location map of analysed OTFs (triangles). Plate boundary model (continuous thick black lines) modified from NNR-MORVEL56 (D.F. Argus et al. 2011). We use the following plate name abbreviations: AN, Antarctic; AR, Arabia; AU, Australia; CO, Cocos; CP, Capricorn; EU, Eurasia; IN, India; JF, Juan de Fuca; LW, Lwandle; MQ, Macquarie; NA, North America; NB, Nubia; NZ, Nazca; PA, Pacific; PS, Philippine Sea; RI, Rivera; SA, South America; SC, Scotia; SM, Somalia; SR, Sur; SW, Sandwich. Diffuse plate boundaries are represented by transparent solid orange areas and are drawn following: CP-IN and CP-AU, J.-Y. Royer & R.G. Gordon (1997); LW-NB and LW-SM, D.S. Stamps et al. (2008); D. Stamps et al. (2021); MQ-AU, H. Choi et al. (2017); NA-SA, PA-Caroline and SA-SR, C. DeMets et al. (2010). Background topographic and bathymetric grid from SRTM30_PLUS (J. Becker et al. 2009).

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "Geometry, structure and tectonic regime of oceanic transform faults revealed by teleseismic earthquake focal mechanisms", Janin et al. This is Fig. 1: please visit academic.oup.com/gji/article/... to read the paper. @royalastrosoc.bsky.social

Maps of the Eastern North American margin (a, left) and location of the Newark Basin, NYBB, LIB and CBB and local aeromagnetic data used in this study (b, right). (A) displays the location and extent of the North American rift system and East Coast Magnetic Anomaly (ECMA). (A) is modified from M.O. Withjack et al. (2013). (B) shows the study area with original basin extents from D.R. Hutchinson et al. (1986) and updated basin extents from seismic interpretations by W. Fortin et al. (2018b) with local magnetic data from the North American Magnetic Anomaly Map (J. NAMAG 2022). There is a positive anomaly above the LIB and NYBB basin centre. No seismic data is available for the Martinsville profile.

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "Identifying basaltic flows and sills in buried Mesozoic rift basins along the eastern US seaboard using seismic interpretation and geopotential modelling", Turney et al. Please visit academic.oup.com/gji/article/... : @royalastrosoc.bsky.social

Why science needs an Alysa Liu moment A month ago, the world was captivated by the extraordinary presence of Alysa Liu on the ice at the Milano-Cortina Winter Olympics. What was most stunning w

Featured in #GJI: an editorial by Margarita Segou describing "Why science needs an Alysa Liu moment". You can read the article, which describes an exciting future for the journal, here: academic.oup.com/gji/article/... @royalastrosoc.bsky.social @academic.oup.com

The location of the Chémery array (grey circles), superimposed over the topography of the area.

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "Non-physical head wave identification in P-wave arrivals retrieved from seismic ambient noise at the Chémery underground gas storage (France)", Riahi et al. Read the paper at academic.oup.com/gji/article/... . @royalastrosoc.bsky.social

New article from GJI

This new article from #GJI, a journal from @rasjournals.bsky.social, introduces “stack maps” to uncover four distinct oceanic transform fault types - revealing structural memory lasting tens of millions of years.

➡️ oxford.ly/4uEXf9K

Study region and distribution of NCEI shipborne bathymetry data. (a) and (b) The yellow rectangular box is the study region, (c) shipborne bathymetry data, black dots and red dots represent control points and check point, respectively. The ratio of control points to check points is 9:1.

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "Recovering bathymetry from altimetry-derived gravity data using a novel inversion framework by considering nonlinear effects of seafloor topography", Wang et al. Please visit academic.oup.com/gji/article/... @royalastrosoc.bsky.social

Sketch highlighting the main components of the experimental set-up as viewed from the lateral of the sandbox. The Cartesian coordinate system has its origin O at the top of the sand, centred with respect to the x-axis (oriented perpendicular to the page) and corresponding in space to the topmost point of the PZT seismic source. The laser beam and the electrodes are oriented along the y-axis.

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "The effect of layer thickness and fluid conductivity contrasts on seismoelectric signals: insights from laboratory experiments and numerical simulations", Martins-Gomes et al. academic.oup.com/gji/article/... @royalastrosoc.bsky.social

Gräfenberg array beamforming. (a) Map of Germany showing the location of the Gräfenberg array, with seismic stations indicated by orange triangles. The reference station GRB2 is highlighted with a white outline. The inset provides a zoomed-in view of the array geometry. (b) Beamforming results for the selected two-day time period during summer. Colours indicate the normalized beampower in each slice along the best-fitting backazimuth and slowness dimensions. The best-fitting backazimuth and slowness in each time window is indicated by a black dot. We observe a sudden change in the dominant source regime from surface waves with apparent velocities around 3 km s^(−1) incoming from North to body waves with apparent velocities larger than 10 km s^(−1) incoming from Southwest.

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "Unlocking the potential of single stations to replace seismic arrays", Klinge et al. This is Fig. 1: please visit academic.oup.com/gji/article/... to read the paper. @royalastrosoc.bsky.social @academic.oup.com

Instrumental device designed for decimetre-scale measurements in the ground: (a) schematic of the rods supporting electrode dipoles numbered from 1 to 15. The eight odd-numbered dipoles (in red) are used to inject current and the seven even-numbered dipoles (in blue) to measure potential. The 14 black dots indicate the location of the measurements obtained with adjacent current and potential dipoles; (b) picture of a rod made of electrically insulating material (white segments), supporting 15 electrodes made of stainless-steel rings every 5 cm; (c) synoptic diagram of the measurement; (d) picture of the instrumental device installed on the field, red sticks indicating the location of the rods.

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "A spectral induced polarization instrument using square-wave current injection to track critical zone processes: application to long-term monitoring of a wetland", Nicollin et al. academic.oup.com/gji/article/... @royalastrosoc.bsky.social

Geographic locations and measurements in the 2023 NESMA pilot experiment. Please see the paper for the full caption.

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "Seafloor characterization in the 2023 NESMA pilot experiment using sound sources of opportunity and a single near-bottom hydrophone", Uzhansky et al. Please visit academic.oup.com/gji/article/... to read the paper. @royalastrosoc.bsky.social

(a) Map showing the locations of all Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) cables used in this study. Each red dot represents the position of a fibre optic cable. (b) The largest data set is from the southern coastal region of Alaska, with two black lines marking the positions of the TERRA and KKFL-S DAS fibres. Earthquake locations are depicted by circles, with colour indicating depth and size representing magnitude. (c) Another primary data set comes from the Chilean coastline, where three cables CCN.N, SER.S and SER.N are shown by black lines alongside earthquake locations. (d) The locations of two DAS cables and corresponding earthquake locations in the Canary Islands. (e) The DAS cable and earthquake locations in Kamaishi, Japan.

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "DeepSubDAS: an earthquake phase picker from submarine distributed acoustic sensing data", Xiao et al. This is Fig. 1: please visit academic.oup.com/gji/article/... to read the paper. @royalastrosoc.bsky.social @academic.oup.com

New article from GJI

How well do we really understand oceanic transform faults?

This new article from #GJI, a journal by @rasjournals.bsky.social, presents a global focal-mechanism analysis revealing complex dips and enduring structural memory in transform faults.

Read more➡️ oxford.ly/3PgsN5H

Study area. (a) Topographic map with Moho depths (black contours) after M. Spada et al. (2013), seismic stations from the Italian National Seismic Network (code IV) operated by Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (red and grey triangles), seismic events (stars) and target profile (thick black line). Adriatic thrust is shown in black, surface faults in orange. The 1981–2018 seismicity (tiny dots) is shown after D. Latorre et al. (2023). The boxes to the southwestern end of the target profile indicate stations across the volcanic areas of Ischia, Campi Flegrei and Mt. Vesuvius, from west to east, respectively. Bottom inset shows the study area (red box) with respect to the Italian peninsula and the main tectonic domains: Apennines (Ap.), Adria plate (Ad.), Tyrrhenian plate (T.), Dinarides (D.) and Alps. (b–d) Vertical cross-sections from tomographic models along the target profile for this work, after I. Menichelli et al. (2023), F. Magnoni et al. (2022) and R. Di Stefano & M.G. Ciaccio (2014) respectively. The stars indicate event 1 (northernmost event in panel a) and event 2 along the reference profile, with the projection of the seismic stations at the surface (triangles). N.B. All 2-D cross-sections in subsequent figures refer to the target profile shown in panel (a).

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "Forward modelling of regional S-waveforms in the central-southern Apennines (Italy): evidences for lateral crustal velocity contrasts and shallow axial attenuation", Scarponi et al. academic.oup.com/gji/article/... @royalastrosoc.bsky.social

ap of the Nesjavellir geothermal field site. The H_2S injection wells are shown as red circles. The approximate electrode locations along the DCIP survey lines are displayed as black dots and the locations of the vertical electrical soundings collected in 1985 are shown as yellow triangles. Red lines indicate buried power lines, the pink square is the location of a residential building and the blue lines indicate hot water and steam pipes.

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "Constraining time-lapse geophysical responses with reactive transport modelling: an approach to monitor H_2S mineral storage", Ciraula et al. Please visit academic.oup.com/gji/article/... to read the paper. @royalastrosoc.bsky.social

Location of coincident TEMPEST(TM) (black) and SkyTEM (blue) surveys over the geology of the Musgrave Province in South Australia.

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "Induced polarization effects in fixed-wing airborne EM: the TEMPESTTM system—Part B, field data inversion from regional targeting to deposit-scale characterization", Dauti et al. academic.oup.com/gji/article/... @royalastrosoc.bsky.social

Distribution of a dense seismic array on the lower Xishan Village landslide and hourly velocity changes measured from the individual coda wave packets at different time windows. (a) The 28 yellow thumbtacks mark the locations of the seismic stations, with blue and black straight lines indicating the station pair of Xs01-Xs11 and the electrical resistivity profile (show in fig. 5b) from D. Xu et al. (2016), respectively. (b) and (c) indicate that the hourly velocity changes measured by different individual coda wave packets. The black, blue and red curves represent the reference CCF (15 Hz, NE component), velocity change and cross-correlation coefficients for the station pair Xs01-Xs11, respectively. The green shaded windows the coda wave window in which the waves are treated as coda waves, while the red shaded windows depict the individual coda wave packet which are measured to find velocity change. There could be multiple coda wave packets in one coda wave window.

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "Enhanced visualization of rainfall infiltration in landslides using high-resolution 4-D noise-based velocity change imaging", Liu et al. This is Fig. 1: please visit academic.oup.com/gji/article/... to read the paper. @royalastrosoc.bsky.social

Experimental setup: (a) creation of the artificial soil samples. (b) sample packing under dry conditions. (c) saturation of samples. (d) desaturation by air injection. (e) weighing of samples. (f) SIP measurement.

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "Distinguishing water salinity, water saturation and clay content using spectral induced polarization: a tool for monitoring arid soil conditions", Iván et al. Read the paper at academic.oup.com/gji/article/... . @royalastrosoc.bsky.social

Geometry of events and receivers. Please see the paper for the full caption.

Average ultralow velocity zone thickness. Please see the paper for the full caption.

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "Ultralow velocity zones at the core–mantle boundary in the subduction regions consistent with the iron-rich origins revealed by ScP waveform complexities", Li et al. Please visit academic.oup.com/gji/article/... . @royalastrosoc.bsky.social

Surrogate soil OM mixture preparation workflow. Sample preparation is based on 3 steps: mixture, compaction and extrusion. SIP measurements configuration.

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "Investigations of compacted soil-organics mixtures with spectral induced polarization", Bore et al. This is Fig. 1: please visit academic.oup.com/gji/article/... to read the paper. @royalastrosoc.bsky.social @academic.oup.com

(a) Location of Lavey-les-Bains in the Rhône Valley, Switzerland. (b) Natural seismicity in Lavey-les-Bains and the surrounding region from 2000 to 2025 (green, SED/ETHZ). Seismicity occurring during the deployment is highlighted (violet circles). Circles with a radius of 2, 4 and 8 km around the Lavey-1 borehole (star) are shown. Current stations of the permanent SED network are indicated with triangles.

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "Large N-array and DAS around the Lavey geothermal reservoir in Switzerland in challenging topographic setting", Obermann et al. This is Fig. 1: please visit academic.oup.com/gji/article/... to read the paper. @royalastrosoc.bsky.social

Map of the Bransfield Strait with the Central Bransfield Basin (CBB). Topography data are from the GMRT (Global Multi-Resolution Topography) data base (W.B.F. Ryan et al. 2009). Circles show broad-band OBS stations. Triangles mark stations of the onshore network, which could not be used for noise cross-correlations due to data gaps or large distances. Inverted triangles depict onshore stations used as reference stations. Arrows show noise cross-correlation pairs.

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "Correction of nonlinear clock drift: the BRAVOSEIS Ocean-Bottom Seismometer Network in the Bransfield Strait, Antarctica", Schmidt-Aursch et al. Please visit academic.oup.com/gji/article/... to read the paper. @royalastrosoc.bsky.social

(a) The Iranian plateau and its seismotectonic settings. The Kirkuk Embayment (K.E.), Lurestan Arc (L.A.), Dezful Embayment (D.E.) and Fars Arc (F.A.) from NW to SE are four tectonostratigraphic domains of the most active part of the Zagros (the Simply Folded Belt). Grey lines depict the main active faults of this plateau and the Gotvand area is outlined by the white rectangle. Yellow and blue triangles indicate the IRSC and IIEES stations, respectively. (b) Zoom on the Gotvand area. Black lines show major mapped active faults. Large green squares indicate major cities, the small green squares depict small towns, and the black triangles indicate the location of seismic stations of the Gotvand local seismological networks. Red circles in both panels are M > 5.0 earthquakes during 1900– 2022 from the USGS catalogue. Red circles with white stars inside them in panel (b) are M > 5.0 earthquakes since 2002 in the area from the USGS catalogue.

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "Reservoir related seismicity changes around the Gotvand Dam (south west of Iran)", Asayesh et al. This is Fig. 1: please visit academic.oup.com/gji/article/... to read the paper. @royalastrosoc.bsky.social @academic.oup.com

Map of wind farm (WF) Tegelberg, located east of the municipality of Kuchen on the escarpment of the eastern Swabian Alb in the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, Southwest Germany (see upper map inset, dark grey patch). Please see the paper for the full caption.

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "Machine learning for data-driven pattern recognition of seismic wind turbine emissions", Gärtner et al. This is Fig. 1: please visit academic.oup.com/gji/article/... to read the paper. @royalastrosoc.bsky.social @academic.oup.com

An image of the Moho depth estimate obtained from the steepest gradient of the v_s model that is the average over the 500 best-fitting models. At each station location the indicated Moho depth is the median value of the local Moho depth estimate and its two nearest neighbours. The colour range follows A. Nouibat et al. (2023) for comparison. The boundaries of the tectonic provinces in the Alps are from S. Schmid et al. (2004) and M.R. Handy et al. (2019).

Published in #GJI Geophysical Journal International: "Rayleigh-wave focal spot imaging of the European Alps and surrounding areas", Tsarsitalidou et al. This is Fig. 7: please visit academic.oup.com/gji/article/... to read the paper. @royalastrosoc.bsky.social @academic.oup.com