Developing a Community of Practice to Provide Care Coordination and Address Health-Related Social Needs for Veterans Receiving Care in Community-Based Settings: Program Development and Survey Study
Background: Approximately half of US veterans receive care outside of US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Veterans Health Administration facilities—a proportion expected to rise due to the Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act and expanded use of VA-purchased community care. Objective: This paper describes the structure and impact of the Veterans Care Coordination in Community Settings (VetCoor) program. VetCoor was implemented in 2 non-VA community health centers, and we explored setting, staffing, and treatment targets to enhance veteran care and inform broader dissemination. Methods: VetCoor embedded a coordinator within community-based, non-VA health care settings to improve veteran identification and address unmet medical needs. Coordinators also connected veterans with VA and local resources addressing health-related social needs. VetCoor included training on veteran needs and military culture. It also held a monthly community of practice call where coordinators shared best practices and met with facility representatives to learn about VA services. Results: From May 2021 to September 2023, a total of 220 veterans participated, engaging in 773 sessions. Of these 220 veterans, 73 (33.2%) received VA enrollment assistance; 54 (24.5%) were referred for medical care; and 82 (37.3%) received care coordination, including medication reconciliation assistance. They also received assistance with transportation (46/220, 20.9%) nutrition and food access (42/220, 19.1%), housing and repair (42/220, 19.1%), and utility payment support (31/220, 14.1%). Common barriers to veterans seeking care were perceptions that enrolling in the VA took resources from veterans more in need and confusion regarding discharge papers required for enrollment. Conclusions: VetCoor supported rural veterans’ health care and health-related social needs using dedicated coordinators. This model addresses resource gaps, fosters VA-community collaboration, and aligns with the VA’s expanding benefits under the Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act.
