A group of ten people stands smiling in a line inside a historic-looking building. Behind them is a large bronze relief sculpture and marble plaques with engraved names. The group appears cheerful and casually dressed, with some wearing backpacks. The setting suggests they are attending a scientific event

I asked the ECSs in our group how they felt about #LiegeOcean25. They told me they learned a lot, felt inspired by conversations with early & senior scientists, and felt welcomed by the mCDR community. The Kiel “mesocosms” group was here! Many thanks to @aida-alvera.bsky.social and the organizers

Thank you for the effort to coordinate this valuable meeting. I especially enjoyed interacting with current students and postdocs - whose research was so nicely highlighted by the organizers. The beautiful venue will be a reason to remember Liège and Belgium fondly for years to come #LiegeOcean25

A group photo of the attendees of the Liège Colloquium, sitting in rows. Wooden floor in the front and columns in the back.

And it's over! #LiegeOcean25. Thank you everyone for coming and for the nice discussions. I have certainly learned a lot about marine CO2 removal this week. Have a nice trip back all!

Many of these techniques/ideas may not end up sequestering meaningful C at global scales but it’s wonderful and refreshing to hear creative ideas from respected colleagues and have the opportunity to refine our thinking through respectful discourse. #LiegeOcean25

Enjoying the final session at #LiegeOcean25 on Use of the Biological Pump for mCDR. Kicked off with a fantastic plenary by Catriona Hurd on seaweed afforestation, followed by talks on OIF, ocean ecology biomanipulation, and more seaweed.

This hostile and simple narrative has been pervasive at #LiegeOcean25. Unfortunately, this vintage “take” completely misses the point and keeping it alive effectively axes any goals of generating an inclusive and collaborative space needed to ensure high-integrity science is at the forefront of mCDR

Woman at a lectern with a presentation with headlines hyping kelp as a climate solution 🌊

Catriona Hurd gave a great talk at #LiegeOcean25 showing why ocean afforestation with seaweed for CO₂ removal (CDR) is bullshit.

Chelsey presenting in a lecture theatre with a slide showing an example of how storylines have previously been used in the context of net zero in Germany. Köhnke et al. 2024

🌊 A great + insightful week so far at #LiegeOcean25 focused on mCDR emerging views and challenges.

Today I presented on a #sociooceanography workshop session where we trialled developing storylines as a way to comprehensively anticipate environmental + societal outcomes of an imagined mCDR trial

A red and grey auditorium, with windows at the back and several rows if seats. People are sitting mostly in the back part

People standing and talking in small groups. Red background

Today, we're at a different venue for #LiegeOcean25, the Opera building of the @universitedeliege.bsky.social. This was a cinema before and I think the red patches are a way of signalling that. The colloquium discussions continue!

A woman behind a lectern presenting in a conference setting featuring a timeline of ocean fertilization research from 2007 to 2013.

@romany-webb.bsky.social gave an excellent keynote on marine CO₂ removal (mCDR) governance at #LiegeOcean25, and reminded us how rogue ocean iron fertilization deployments acted as decelerants that set the field of mCDR back significantly.

Guy Hooper: Exposed diatoms and dinoflagellates to low C, high pH gradients to quantify impact of Direct Ocean Carbon Capture (DOCC) effluent and observed significant reductions in growth - he advocates for more experimental work #LiegeOcean25

Giulia Faucher: Data from mesocosms with OAE manipulation treatments show that the timing of phytoplankton blooms is significantly delayed at extreme high alkalinity #LiegeOcean25

Wanje Böhme showing clear evidence that microbial communities shift dramatically in response to OAE treatment in large mesocosm experiments #LiegeOcean25

Helen Findlay (on behalf of Libby Jewett) summarizing key takeaways from the ICES 2025 mCDR workshop (report in prep). Main themes regarding international regulation/indigenous rights/fishing community perspectives emerged. #LiegeOcean25

Lisa Levin: Raising awareness of the complexity and value of deep sea ecosystems, and highlighting the specific impacts of different mCDR approaches. Many of the ecosystems that would be impacted have never even been explored. #LiegeOcean25

Phil Williamson gives an important and interesting plenary perspective about the environmental impacts of mCDR, identifying some key generalizations and acknowledging the complexity of the task #LiegeOcean25

Chelsey Baker from @emarineboard.bsky.social highlighting the European Marine Board Future Science Brief at #LiegeOcean25

marineboard.eu/sites/marine...

Anna Madlener: Carbon to Sea Initiative’s initial insights from a meta-analysis of different OAE project entity (commercial and academic) strategies to do MRV. What’s measured, with what resolution, and why? What does the current summarized approach represent, and what are the gaps? #LiegeOcean25

Max Holloway: The time and effort required in the initial approach to crediting ($) C removed is unsustainable for future and will need to be streamlined #LiegeOcean25

Katja Fennel: presenting beautiful data from the Halifax Harbour deployment of OAE illustrating timescales of realized CDR during and after feedstock additions #LiegeOcean25

Arnaud Laurent: insights for OAE deployment from nested models in the Halifax Harbor #LiegeOcean25

Dariia Atamanchuk: plenary talk on MRV with data from a case study from a relatively large-scale field trial in Halifax Harbor - highlighting the value of robotic platform and sensors #LiegeOcean25

David Ho introducing MRV session on Day 2 of #LiegeOcean25: M = monitoring (instead of measuring, to be inclusive of modeling and not only observations) is what we talk about now, less so R (reporting) and V (verification)

On to the poster session #1 at #LiegeOcean25! Come by and say hi - I’ll be at the @exois-oceaniron.bsky.social poster in the back corner, come chat with me to learn more about what we think still needs to be done to evaluate OIF for mCDR

Shreya Mehta: Diverse response of C and N fixation in olivine and periclase amended mesocosms underscores the need for additional study #LiegeOcean25

If you want to follow #LiegeOcean25 🌊, @smith8272.bsky.social is doing a great job 😃.

Live posting at conferences is not an ability I possess 😄

Michael Fuhr: insights on benthic weathering, don’t overlook the role of the worms! #LiegeOcean25

Elizabeth Shadwick: successful field deployment of a small-scale OAE system in Tasmania, with evidence of positive stakeholder engagement and signs of trust from the community #LiegeOcean25

Isabel Mendes: year plus long olivine and basalt deployments in a wetland leads to transient but detectible changes in total alkalinity with minimal impacts on the biota #LiegeOcean25

Sebastian van de velde: Lessons from Iceland study - before we do OAE deployments, or measuring additionality, we need to establish a baseline - and this will require a local approach. #LiegeOcean25