Thanks to everyone who joined us for #PSAMPG2025, and especially to @abirhodes.bsky.social for organising and hosting. We hope you enjoyed the conference and are going away with plenty of food for thought
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An important point from Emily in the Q&A - a lot of this abuse gets to challenges over who has the right to represent
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Similar to Emily and Ros' work, Susana talks about a lack of institutional support for women journalists experiencing abuse.
Harassment has become normalised - but there is some support amongst teams of colleagues to protect each other from abusive comments
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Some abusers 'follow' journalists to their personal social media accounts to harass them. A challenge for journalists who need to get their name out there and who should be able to claim credit for their work
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Women journalists sometimes pivot to avoid topics which attract online abuse - however, any topic *can* attract abuse. Journalists are thinking about the impact of abusive commenters on other readers, not only on themselves.
Bylines with photos often lead to abuse based on image
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This research is part of a broader project on the experiences and expectations of women early career journalists, using in-depth interviews.
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It's not only the level of abuse that is different, but types and effects. Women more subjected to threats of sexual violence. Effects can include self-censorship, and moving to different topics. An 'emotional load'
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For early career journalists, social media is seen as essential for launching a career and promoting themselves and their work. Existing literature shows that women journalists are disproportionately targeted for abuse and harassment.
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Lastly, we have Susana Sampaio-Dias, joining us to talk about how early career women journalists experience online abuse and harassment.
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There were also some unexpected benefits from using social media as a politician. A sense of 'it's awful, but I still need to be here'. Some had formed strong support networks online that they would not otherwise have, including with other women politicians and activists.
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Participants had not stopped using social media, but they were using it differently. A consensus that political parties need to do more to prepare and support their elected representatives - especially at the local level
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A big range of responses on the question of weather online abuse puts women off engaging in politics as public representatives. Some local representatives turned down opportunities to run for national office in part because of the abuse.
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Extremely challenging to recruit women politicians to participate in the study - a gap between how many people talk about it versus how many wanted to speak to researchers.
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Little work on local councillors and how they experience this, even though they are potentially more often in public meetings where they may receive abuse and intimidation
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Next up, Emily Harmer introduces...Emily Harmer! She's sharing her research with Ros Southern, interviewing women politicians about their experiences of online harassment and abuse and how they manage this
@rosalynd.bsky.social @harm365.bsky.social
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They found that men - both panellists and audience members - were afforded more opportunities to speak, both in Dimbleby and Bruce's Question Time. Male panellists were also more often able to 'capture' the discussion, by interrupting and then being allowed/able to continue
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FYI, their great title is Question (uneven) Time. They are looking at why an increase in the number of female panellists does not lead to equal speaking time.
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Our final panels of the conference are on gender representation in media and elections, and AI and APIs in political communication
In the gender room, we're starting with Olivia Noden and Wyl Jones, who are sharing their work with Ceri Hughes on female panellists on Question Time
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Hate speech often dehumanising, inciting violence and dismissing people as 'weeds'
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False historical narratives around political gains and power struggles are often connected to hate speech
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Hate speech used as a strategy to mobilise support for war on the Tigray region. Hagos is looking at how this speech was used to polarise the population into strong in and out groups.
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To complete this panel, Hagos Nigussie joins us to share his research on polarizing political differences, polarization and hate speech in the Ethiopian media
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Images often portray activists in conflict with law enforcement, or fellow citizens. Documenting the protests and providing alternative information to counter negative representations by mainstream media
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Ultima Generazione became well known for using methods like blocking the street, and defacing monuments. Using conflict as a tool for environmental activism.
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She is interested in how climate movements engage in different types of civil disobedience, and how this forms a part of their strategies.
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We're now joined by Costanza Azzuppardi, to talk about the compelling narrative of civil disobedience, and the Ultima Generazione movement through pictures. She is interested in how images are used to represent the movement
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There was some feminist humour in SNL sketches too. This was often reflective - considering why Clinton and Harris were treated differently by the media and voters. Harris and 'Harris' discussed how isolating it was to be the only Black woman who had ever run for President.
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Kamala Harris was sometimes infantilised or sexualised in SNL sketches. Caroline did not observe this in any sketches of Hillary Clinton.
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The SNL impressionists own views and identity shape their portrayal of the candidates.
Some commonalities in portrayals of Clinton and Harris - sketches often framed candidates in domestic roles. Kamala Harris often portrayed as the 'fun aunt' - 'Doug' almost always present
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She asks whether feminist humour can challenge, and potentially change, gender stereotypes and gender norms. Feminist humour draws attention to things like double standards, often using sarcasm
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