Fragmentary temnospondyl specimens collected from the Grabfeld Formation of southern Germany. A. SMNS 97058, a fragmentary angular of Metoposaurus sp. B–C, SMNS 55899, a fragmentary clavicle of Metoposaurus sp.; B. Natural mould; C. Silicone mould; D–G. SMNS 59770, a fragmentary interclavicle of Metoposaurus sp. in D. Ventral; E. Dorsal; F. Lateral view; G. Close-up of vascular foramina; H. SMNS 97109, a fragmentary dermal bone of Gerrothorax sp. I–K, SMNS 59771, a fragmentary interclavicle of Plagiosternum sp. in I. Dorsal; J. Lateral; K. Ventral view. L–N, SMNS 97123, an isolated capitosauroid vertebra in L. Anterior; M. Posterior, N. Lateral view; O. SMNS 97125, an isolated temnospondyl caudal vertebra in ventral view; P. SMNS 97124, an isolated temnospondyl phalange. Scale bars: 20 mm (A–G, L–N, P); 50 mm (O); 10 mm (H, I–K).
Stratigraphic correlation of the German Middle and Late Triassic Metoposaurus-bearing formations with other metoposaurid-bearing formations around the world. Correlations are based on (DSK 2005; Szulc et al. 2015; Martz and Parker 2017; Zouheir et al. 2018; Buffa et al. 2019; Datta et al. 2021; Sues et al. 2021; Zeh et al. 2021; Lovelace et al. 2023). Abbrevations: Rhaet. – Rhaetian, Longo. – Longobardian, Cord. – Cordevolian, J – Julian, Tu – Tuvalian, LVF – Land Vertebrate Faunachron, CPE – Carnian Pluvial Event, Madagas. – Madagascar, P.-G. – Pranhita-Godavari, AZ – Arizona, NM – New Mexico, TX – Texas, u.c. – upper carbonate, Shinar. – Shinarump, Mmb. – Member, Tectolit. – Tectolito, T. La. – Tres Lagunas, SS. – Sandstone, B. Ran. – Boren Ranch, Fm. – Formation. The Grabfeld material described in this paper represents the oldest known metoposaurid material (early Carnian) and the only record that pre-dates the Carnian Pluvial Event, after which metoposaurids appear in North America, India, Madagascar, Morocco, and other parts of western Europe. Norian records are restricted to Germany, North America, and questionable reports of uncollected material from Zimbabwe. There is some level of uncertainty in most occurrences since they lack radioisotopic dates of metoposaurid-bearing horizons.
@stereospondyl.bsky.social et al. described fraggy material from the Middle-Late Triassic Grabfeld Fm of Germany, identifying the oldest known #metoposaurid remains, proposing biogeographic scenarios for the clade, & reviving the hypothesis of osmotic tolerance. doi.org/10.3897/fr.2...