BMC Psychology

Hyperactive–impulsive ADHD traits are associated with higher self-reported curiosity in adults, finds a study published in BMC Psychology.
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BISAS 2026

We’re excited to be at BISAS 2026 today in York as we sponsor the Microbiology in Animal Science session!
This session brings together leading researchers to explore the microbiological challenges and innovations shaping modern animal science.

Read more: bit.ly/4sAmIix

Deep breath out: molecular survey of selected pathogens in blow and skin biopsies from North Atlantic cetaceans - BMC Veterinary Research Background Cetacean morbillivirus, herpesvirus, avian influenza virus (AIV) and Brucella spp. have been linked to numerous cetacean strandings in the Northeast (NE) Atlantic. Yet, their prevalence in free-living cetaceans remains insufficiently investigated, particularly in northern regions. Methods Between 2016 and 2025, humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae), sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) and, opportunistically, fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) and a long-finned pilot whale (Globicephala melas), were sampled in two foraging grounds in northern Norway (Skjervøy and Andenes), in Iceland and in Cape Verde. Blow samples (n = 76), skin biopsies (n = 45), and organ samples from one stranded pilot whale were collected and screened for cetacean morbillivirus, herpesvirus, AIV and Brucella spp, via polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results In northern Norway, cetacean morbillivirus, identified as the dolphin morbillivirus (DMV) strain, was detected in the blows of two asymptomatic groups of humpback whales, in the blow of one sperm whale in poor health and in the kidney of a stranded pilot whale. An alphaherpesvirus was detected in the blows of five humpback whale groups sampled in Norway, Iceland, and Cape Verde, while a gammaherpesvirus was detected in one humpback whale skin biopsy, sampled in Norway. No other samples tested positive to any of the pathogens, including AIV or Brucella spp. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that minimally invasive sampling, particularly blow sampling, can be used for pathogen surveillance in free-ranging cetaceans. They also provide new insights into the circulation of cetacean morbillivirus and herpesviruses in cetaceans from the NE Atlantic. Continuous monitoring of pathogen exposure, alongside other stressors, will be crucial to assess the cumulative health implications for these cetaceans.

A study in BMC Veterinary Research finds that drones can collect whale breath non-invasively to monitor pathogens in humpbacks and other species. Researchers identified morbillivirus in the Arctic Circle for the first time, showing importance of non-invasive blow sampling for whale conservation.🌍

BMC Medicine

A study published in BMC Medicine finds that a severe COVID-19 acute illness course is associated with impaired cognitive function up to 18–32 months after COVID-19 diagnosis.
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stock image

On account of the ‘Self-harm and Self-Injury Awareness Day’, the journal of Injury Epidemiology announces the launch of a new peer-reviewed collection "Emerging Risk Factors for Self-Injury in Youth in the Current Milieu of Growing Mental Health Crisis"
Submit before: 27 Nov 2026.
bit.ly/4sgwE1k

BISAS 2026

BMC is proud to sponsor the Animal Welfare & Behaviour session today at BISAS 2026 in York!
The discussion will include a wide range of welfare and behavior issues in poultry, pigs, goats, and cattle.

Read more: bit.ly/4cnJAMa

Evaluating cloudcare, a population health management system, in persons with type 1 diabetes: an observational study - BMC Endocrine Disorders Background Innovations in diabetes technology have consistently improved outcomes of persons with type1 diabetes (PWDs). However, the volumes of data that these technologies yield require different workflows to alleviate healthcare professionals’ (HCPs) workload and prevent losing relevant data in between visits for interpretation and treatment adaptations. CloudCare is a population health management tool that continuously oversees data from groups of individual PWDs, based on remote monitoring, screening and triaging of individual PWDs. This study assesses the effect of CloudCare on treatment satisfaction of PWDs, HCPs’ workload and glycemic control of PWDs. Methods We evaluated the 6-month follow-up outcomes as part of an ongoing prospective cohort study analyzing the effect of CloudCare. Adult PWDs diagnosed > 6 months before inclusion were enrolled. The primary outcome was the change in PWD treatment satisfaction (DTSQc). Secondary outcomes included the number and type of contacts between HCPs and PWDs, diabetes-related distress (PAID-5), and glycemic control. Results In September 2024, 175 participants had baseline data available, with a median age of 29.9 years and a median diabetes duration of 17 years. Differences between baseline and 6 months could be calculated for 119 participants. After 6 months follow-up, the median increase in PWDs’ treatment satisfaction (DTSQc) was + 6.0 (IQR 2–11; p < 0.001). The number of face-to-face contacts per PWD per 3 months decreased from 0.85 at baseline to 0.34 (p < 0.001) at 6 months. Diabetes-related distress was significantly decreased at 3 months (p < 0.001) and at 6 months (p = 0.034), compared with baseline. Glucometrics did not significantly change, with a TIR of 79% at baseline and 78% after 6 months (p = 0.39), and a mean glucose management indicator (GMI) of 50 mmol/mol (6.7%) at all timepoints. Conclusions In adult PWDs with good glycemic control, CloudCare decreases workload for HCPs, while increasing PWDs’ treatment satisfaction and maintaining excellent glycemic control during 6 months, showing this concept can be applied in modern diabetes care with high density data availability. Trial registration https://bit.ly/4cggWfE identifier: NCT05431140; registration date 21-6-2023.

A study in BMC Endocrine Disorders evaluates CloudCare, a digital population‑health system for type 1 diabetes. The findings show higher patient satisfaction, reduced clinician workload, and stable glycemic control, highlighting how digital tools can enhance patient‑centered diabetes care.

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BMC Zoology

A study in BMC Zoology describes the hindlimb anatomy of Promegantereon ogygia, one of the oldest known sabre‑toothed cats, and compares it with modern felines and pantherines to understand how it moved and lived.
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Cholesterol-induced colorectal cancer progression and its mitigation through gut microbiota remodeling and simvastatin treatment - BMC Cancer Background Elevated serum cholesterol levels are linked to an increased risk of colorectal adenomas and colorectal cancer (CRC), yet the role of serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in CRC development remains unclear. This study explores the impact of cholesterol on tumor growth and the potential therapeutic effects of Lactobacillus and Simvastatin. Methods We utilized a cecal tumor xenograft mouse model with Ldlr−/− mice to assess the effects of high cholesterol levels on tumor growth. Additionally, the role of gut microbiota remodeling and cholesterol-lowering strategies was investigated using Lactobacillus supplementation and Simvastatin treatment. Results Ldlr−/− mice on a high-cholesterol diet developed significantly larger tumors (P < 0.05) and exhibited exacerbated malignancy, as indicated by HE and Ki-67 staining. Lactobacillus supplementation reduced tumor growth (P < 0.05), lowered serum cholesterol levels, and altered the gut microbiota composition, increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacterial taxa. Simvastatin treatment reduced PD-L1 expression in CRC cells by lowering cholesterol levels, which was associated with decreased CRC proliferation, reduced serum LDL levels, and enhanced T cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment. Conclusion Elevated serum cholesterol promotes CRC progression, while gut microbiota remodeling through Lactobacillus supplementation and cholesterol-lowering interventions, such as Simvastatin, show potential in mitigating tumor growth and enhancing antitumor immune responses. These findings highlight the importance of cholesterol management in CRC treatment strategies.

Elevated serum cholesterol promotes colorectal cancer progression, while gut microbiota remodeling through Lactobacillus supplementation and cholesterol-lowering interventions show potential in mitigating tumor growth, finds a study in BMC Cancer.
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What would you do first? A survey of treatment priorities for patients with hip-spine syndrome among spine and hip surgeons - BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders Hip-spine syndrome refers to the coexistence of hip and spinal pathologies, complicating diagnosis and surgical decision-making. This study investigated ho

A study in BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders explores how surgeons prioritize the sequence of hip and spine surgery in hip‑spine syndrome patients. Findings show decisions vary by surgeon specialty, country, and neurological status, and highlights the need for interdisciplinary communication.

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Discovery of new MicroRNAs and their mRNA targets in patients with acute ischemic stroke - BMC Medical Genomics In this study, we applied microarray, bioinformatics, and qRT-PCR techniques to identify miRNAs and their target genes in plasma obtained from acute ischem

A study in BMC Medical Genomics uses integrated miRNA/mRNA profiling to uncover distinct molecular signatures in acute ischemic stroke, highlights key regulatory miRNAs and their targets, and provides insights into early post‑stroke molecular responses.

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Explicit spatial–temporal scenarios of food security in a West-African socio-ecological system under climate change - Agriculture & Food Security Food security is a key facet of a sustainable society, while some threats, such as climate change and food riots may unsettle any society. Some aspects of food security such as food production and distribution are inherently spatial, thus requiring spatialized methods to study it. In this study, we introduce Discrete Ecosystem Evolution Rules (DEER), which is a spatial generalization of the EDEN framework developed in environmental sciences. Based on extensive expert knowledge and literature, we developed both spatially implicit and explicit models to assess the impacts of climate change on food security dynamics in a complex West-African social-ecological system (Dano, Burkina Faso). Comparing these two models allowed highlighting the role of spatial structure on food security degradation and recovery over the long term. Results showed that the impacts of climate change on food security were mediated by water availability and soil degradation. The spatial model provided a finer understanding of food security dynamics by highlighting unexpected sequences of events. These insights highlight the relevance of a spatial modeling framework to get a proper understanding of food security and, more generally, of social-ecological dynamics.

A study published in Agriculture & Food Security describes a spatial model to assess the impacts of climate change on food security dynamics, highlighting the role of spatial structure on food security degradation and recovery over the long term. 🌍

Previous year winning image

The 2026 Image Competition hosted jointly by BMC Ecology and Evolution and BMC Zoology is now open for submissions! Submit your best images for a chance to showcase your research and win prizes (€500). Open to all researchers affiliated with a research institution. To enter, visit: bit.ly/4vmzbco

JEET Award

Nominations are open for the annual JEET Emerging Scientist Award in Ethnobiology. This prize is given annually to three colleagues for outstanding contributions to the field of Ethnobiology and Ethnosciences. Nominations are open until April 30, 2026.
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World Health Day 2026: Q&A with Dr. Alexandra Ridout World Health Day, observed on 7 April, is a time to reflect on global health challenges and progress in medical research and care. To mark the day, we spoke with Dr Alexandra Ridout about her work in tackling maternal health inequalities and the most recent developments shaping the future of care.

How can research help tackle maternal health inequalities? Read our #WorldHealthDay 2026 Q&A with Dr Alexandra Ridout about her work in tackling these inequalities and the most recent developments shaping the future of care.

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Regional consistency in microbial community responses to hydrocarbon pollution in maritime Antarctic soils - BMC Microbiology Antarctica, though remote and sparsely inhabited, faces significant ecological risks due to human activities and settlements that generate, among others, f

Microbial communities in Antarctic soils are shaped differently by a dynamic interplay between space and environment. A study published in BMC Microbiology discusses how chronic hydrocarbon pollution can drive consistent community shifts across geographically distant sites.
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BMC Cancer

A study published in BMC Cancer introduces the Mainz Resilience Assessment in Childhood Cancer (MRAcc), a novel tool to track resilience over time in young cancer patients by capturing mental health and treatment‑specific stressors.
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Sustainable biohydrogen production from banana peels using microbial fermentation - BMC Biotechnology Global energy demand and environmental concerns are driving the search for sustainable alternatives. Banana peels, which account for 30–40% of the 13

A study published in BMC Biotechnology highlights how banana peels can be used for eco-friendly bioenergy production and effective waste management. 🌍

Explainable deep learning ensemble framework for accurate classification of wild poisonous mushroom species - BMC Biotechnology This study introduces an explainable deep learning framework for the accurate classification of wild poisonous mushroom species, contributing to food safet

A study published in BMC Biotechnology shows how AI can reliably spot poisonous mushrooms using an explainable deep learning model with a 95.67% accuracy, thus preventing misidentifications and promoting food safety.

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Cortical thickness and volume alterations in patients with high myopia: a magnetic resonance imaging study - BMC Medical Imaging The retina and optic nerve are integral components of the visual system and maintain direct anatomical and functional connections with the brain. Both stru

A study published in BMC Medical Imaging reveals distinct brain‑structure changes in people with high myopia, including cortical thinning in key visual regions.

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The protective effect of breastfeeding on infant inflammation: a mediation analysis of the plasma lipidome and metabolome - BMC Medicine Background Inflammation has long-term health impacts across the life course. Breastfeeding substantially reduces inflammation risk, but key pathways, including the extent that this is due to protection against early life infection, are poorly understood. We aimed to investigate the relationships between breastfeeding, inflammation, and infection burden, and to determine the extent to which metabolomic and lipidomic profiles associated with breastfeeding mediate these health outcomes. Methods We utilised data from the Barwon Infant Study (BIS), a longitudinal birth cohort in Victoria, Australia. Infants (n = 889) with available breastfeeding (categorised as yes/no) clinical, metabolomic, and Lipidomic data at 6 and/or 12 months were included (n = 793 at 6 months, n = 734 at 12 months). Inflammation, measured via glycoprotein acetyls (GlycA), at 6 and 12 months and infection burden, including parent-reported and medically attended infections assessed through standardised 3-monthly questionnaires were used as outcomes. Results Any breastfeeding, regardless of supplementary feeding, was associated with lower inflammation, fewer infections, and significant, potentially beneficial changes in metabolomic and lipidomic markers, particularly plasmalogens. There was evidence of bidirectional mediation: metabolomic biomarkers and lipids mediated breastfeeding’s effects on inflammation, while inflammation partly mediated breastfeeding’s impact on certain metabolites and lipids. Conclusions These findings highlight pathways through which breastfeeding reduces inflammation and infection burden, identifying potential targets for optimising infant feeding.

A study in BMC Medicine finds that breastfeeding up to 12 months of age is associated with reduced infection burden and inflammation, as well as differences in metabolomic biomarkers and lipids, mediating much of these beneficial effects.

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Military Medical Research

A Review published in Military Medical Research provides a comprehensive overview of the role and anticancer mechanisms of metformin-based combination approaches for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.
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Axonopathy: mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases - Translational Neurodegeneration Axons are unique structural and functional features of nerve cells, which play a critical role in regulating neuronal homeostasis. Dysfunction and degeneration of axons (axonopathy) has been established as an early and prominent contributing mechanism to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In this review, we briefly summarize the structure and function of axons, and highlight recent advances in the understanding of the role of axons in health and disease. We argue that axons are a potential target for developing novel therapies for neurodegenerative diseases.

In a Review published in Translational Neurodegeneration the authors summarize the structure and function of axons and highlight their potential role as a target for developing novel therapies for neurodegenerative diseases. 🧪

Multi-omics analysis reveals sex-specific etiology of human muscle weakness following musculoskeletal injury - BMC Medicine Background Musculoskeletal injuries comprise a growing source of disability worldwide, and the recovery of muscle strength following injury is a critical determinant of patient reported outcomes. Females experience exacerbated muscle atrophy, poorer outcomes, and higher re-injury rates, necessitating a comprehensive interrogation of sex-specific skeletal muscle differences. Our purpose in the current study was to perform an unbiased transcriptomic profiling of muscle samples to identify putative sex-specific molecular targets to enhance recovery in patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Methods We performed cellular phenotyping, bulk and single nucleus RNA-sequencing on muscle biopsy samples obtained from thirty-six participants (18 M, 18F). Muscle samples were obtained from the ACLR and contralateral limb with follow-up tissue collection of the injured limb also occurring at seven days and four months post-ACLR. Transcriptomic analyses illuminated putative molecular mechanisms through which sex influences muscle recovery following acute injury. Results Females exhibited greater muscle atrophy relative to males at 4 months post-ACLR compared to the uninjured limb. Bulk and single nucleus paired-limb transcriptomic analyses revealed the emergence of sex-specific myonuclear signaling cascades that demonstrate impaired reactive oxygen species scavenging in females. Females exhibited attenuated SOD2 expression that was associated with increased indices of oxidative stress and protein damage. Within females, angiogenesis signaling was also impaired and associated with capillary rarefaction after reconstructive surgery. Conclusions These findings reveal inherent sex-based differences in muscle pathology that likely necessitate unique clinical treatments following musculoskeletal injury.

A study published in BMC Medicine reports on the inherent sex-based differences in muscle pathology that likely necessitate unique clinical treatments following musculoskeletal injury. 🧪

Integrating inflammation-oriented brain injury mechanisms in acute COVID-19 using multi-modality MRI and serum proteomics: a longitudinal study - European Journal of Medical Research Background Neurological sequelae have been frequently reported among COVID-19 patients, which are still lacking of definite therapeutic targets. Previous studies linked structural and functional brain alterations on MRI to the brain injury and neuropsychiatric symptoms in COVID-19, but few of them provided molecular underpinnings of the brain changes driven by infection. Methods Pre- and post-infection MRI including 3D-T1WI, fMRI (function MRI), and dMRI (diffusion MRI) and neuropsychiatric assessments were collected both about one month from infection (interval for 70 days) on patients who were first infected with COVID-19. Longitudinal data were compared by paired t-test and adjusted by multiple comparison correction to reveal the specific brain changes after infection. Generalized linear mixed models and multiple linear regression were used to detecte interactions between the brain changes on MRI and neuropsychiatric assessments. Serum samples were collected in the follow-up scanning for proteomics analysis to uncover the molecular mechanisms of MRI-visible brain injury. Results Brain changes after COVID-19 infection include gray matter volume decrease, white matter microstructure integrity decrease, and brain function alterations, particularly in the limbic system. The hyperfunction of IPL (inferior parietal lobe) and MOFG (medial orbitofrontal gyrus) correlated with the atrophy in the corresponding regions of the contralateral hemisphere. The decreased functional index of amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) on frontal lobe was further correlated with sleeping disorders (P = 0.003). The proteomic indicated that the MRI-visible brain changes represented neural injury (NEFL [neurofilament light chain]: FDR-corrected p < 0.046) and were driven by the COVID-19-specific inflammation (P adj = 0.00015). Conclusions This study investigated the relationships between structural and functional brain changes and neuropsychiatric sequelae in the acute recovery phase of COVID-19, and identified the proteomics significance of MRI-visible brain changes. These findings provided more explicit MRI biomarkers and risk factors for COVID-19 infection, which may be generalizable to other coronavirus studies.

A study published in the European Journal of Medical Research reports that brain changes after COVID-19 infection include gray matter volume decrease, white matter microstructure integrity decrease, and brain function alterations, particularly in the limbic system. 🧪

Assessment of spirometric decline from silica dust: threshold values and calculation methods for cumulative exposure - Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology Background This study investigates the association between crystalline silica dust exposure and lung function decline. Understanding whether exposure-response relationships include threshold values is critical for contributing to workplace health protection. We compared four mechanistically different models to determine which best characterizes this association. Methods Data from 1,418 workers from the Wismut German Uranium Mining Cohort Study from 1970 to 1991 with 7,116 spirometry measurements were analysed. Cumulative exposure was calculated using a job exposure matrix. Four models based on different pathophysiological mechanisms were compared: (1) constant annual threshold without overload, (2) constant annual threshold with overload, (3) delayed onset (cumulative threshold only), and (4) dynamic threshold decreasing over time. Results Models 1, 3 and 4 showed a critical annual exposure value of approximately 0.09-0.10 mg/m3 (the concentration below which no harmful accumulation occurs). Model 2 had convergence problems due to mathematical discontinuity. Model 1 demonstrated the biologically most plausible relationship between threshold exceedance and spirometric decline, with a cumulative threshold of 2 mg/m3. This model predicts clinically significant functional decline within realistic occupational timeframes (e.g., 10 years at 0.3 mg/m3 exposure). Conclusion The results confirm that high silica dust exposure leads to an accelerated decline in lung function. Model 1 appears to be the most appropriate, despite limitations such as limited age range and sole focus on spirometry. The results demonstrate an association between cumulative silica dust exposure above approximately 0.09 mg/m3 and accelerated spirometric decline. Model 1 (constant annual threshold) provides the most consistent and biologically plausible results. These threshold estimates have high relevance in occupational health settings aimed at preventing workers exposed to silica dust from lung function decline. Study limitations include the limited follow up and lack of data on individuals reaching the cumulative threshold. The majority of included persons were smokers (84%), which also affected lung function.

A study published in the Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology reports that high silica dust exposure leads to an accelerated decline in lung function. 🧪

Association of nighttime fasting duration, breakfast time and dinner time with healthy aging in Chinese older adults: a cross‑sectional study - Nutrition Journal Proper eating/fasting cycle can regulate circadian rhythms, thereby influencing metabolic regulation, oxidative stress, and cognitive function. However, it

A study in the Nutrition Journal reports that optimal circadian-related eating patterns, specifically a nighttime fasting duration (NFD) of 13h to < 14 h, breakfast between 6:00–7:00, and dinner between 17:00–18:00, were associated with the highest odds of healthy aging among Chinese older adults. 🧪

Sleep timing irregularity in midlife: association with incident major adverse cardiac events and cardiovascular disease mortality over a 10-year follow-up - BMC Cardiovascular Disorders Sleep timing reflects daily routines and lifestyle patterns, which influence cardiovascular health through circadian mechanisms that regulate cardiovascula

A study published in BMC Cardiovascular Disorders reports that among participants with sleep durations under eight hours, irregular sleep timing was a significant risk factor for major adverse cardiac events (MACEs). 🧪

Understanding Japan’s mortality advantage: a comparison of mortality in independent and dependent older adults in Japan and Sweden - BMC Medicine Background A fundamental public health goal is that all individuals have the opportunity to reach old age with adequate care and support. Japan is the global leader in longevity, and understanding whether this advantage exists primarily in healthy older adults or those relying on long-term care (LTC) can reveal if it stems from a healthier population or more extensive, and potentially higher-quality, healthcare provision. This study examined Japan’s mortality advantage by comparing life expectancy and death rates in Japan and Sweden across different levels of LTC. Methods We included the entire population aged 75 + in Sweden (n = 858,595) and nine Japanese municipalities (n = 334,873), categorizing individuals into three groups: no care, home care, and care home residence. We compared age-specific death rates, remaining life expectancy, and expected time spent in each LTC state. Finally, we quantified how much of the overall mortality differences could be explained by LTC state-specific mortality difference. Results Japanese older adults had lower death rates and longer life expectancy than Swedish counterparts, with more pronounced differences among individuals utilizing LTC. At age 75, total life expectancy was 12.0 vs. 11.7 years for men and 15.5 vs. 13.7 years for women in Japan and Sweden, respectively. Expected time without LTC was 9.8 vs. 9.6 years for men and 10.4 vs. 9.9 years for women. The difference (95% CI) in total life expectancy [men, 0.3 (0.2, 0.4); women, 1.8 (1.7, 1.9)] exceeded the difference in time without LTC [men, 0.2 (0.2, 0.3); women, 0.5 (0.4, 0.5)], particularly for women. Higher mortality in home care and care home populations in Sweden substantially increased Japan’s advantage. Conclusions Our findings show that Japan’s longevity advantage in old age is primarily driven by lower mortality in the segment of the population utilizing LTC. This indicates that the overall advantage in life expectancy may not stem solely from a healthier population, but rather from more extensive, or possibly higher-quality, care, including life-sustaining treatments. However, since we were unable to control for differences in health status in the two populations, future studies should explore if the threshold for entering LTC is different in Sweden and Japan.

A paper published in BMC Medicine presents a comparison of mortality in older adults in Japan and Sweden. The study finds that Japan’s longevity advantage in old age is primarily driven by lower mortality in the segment of the population utilizing long-term care (LTC). 🧪

Innovative Fungicide Development: Molecular Docking and SAR Studies for Enhanced Antifungal and Fungicidal Activity Advancing our collective understanding of fungicide development is crucial in addressing the growing challenges posed by plant pathogens and agricultural ...

Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture calls for submissions to its new collection ‘Innovative Fungicide Development’, managed by Professor Nancy George from Chandigarh University. The collection aims at enabling sustainable innovation in food systems.🌍