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Posts by Kathryn (Katy) Appler

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Carbon monoxide metabolism in freshwater anaerobic methanotrophic archaea - Nature Communications Anaerobic methane-oxidizing archaea mitigate methane emissions in anoxic environments. Here, Egas et al. show that these microbes can also oxidize carbon monoxide, prompting re-evaluation of their cla...

Grab a coffee and enjoy reading up on CO metabolism in methanotrophs!

Freshwater ANME (own work):
www.nature.com/articles/s41...
Marine ANME (@Orphan lab):
www.nature.com/articles/s41...

Big thanks to our collaborators at QUT!
@sjmcilroy.bsky.social (Heyu/Andy/Gene!) @cuwelte.bsky.social

1 week ago 29 17 2 2

Preprint out!

Anaerobic methanotrophs are key methane oxidizers, but their activity/adaptation under acidic conditions remains unclear. We show that a freshwater ANME adapts to pH stress via shifts in lipid composition and remains metabolically active down to pH 5.65. Expanding the niche of ANME.

1 week ago 15 6 0 0

How diverse is bacterial immunity ?

We report in @science.org how language models allowed us to predict 2.4M antiphage proteins spanning >23K novel potential systems.
👏 @emordret.bsky.social, @alexhv.bsky.social & al doi.org/10.1126/scie...

Explore them here defensefinder.mdmlab.fr/wiki/refseq_...

2 weeks ago 227 112 10 3
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Asgard : Potentiel chaînon manquant de la vie complexe | OHdio | Radio-Canada Écoutez l’extrait de l’émission Les années lumière : Asgard : Potentiel chaînon manquant de la vie complexe

Asgard archaea on CBC radio.

ici.radio-canada.ca/ohdio/premie...

1 month ago 9 3 1 0

Congratulations, Heidi!

1 month ago 1 0 0 0
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Lithosyntrophy: Obligate syntrophy in a phosphite-oxidizing, methanogenic culture | PNAS The anaerobic conversion of organic matter to methane and carbon dioxide typically relies on obligate syntrophic interactions between bacteria and ...

How do you make methane from phosphite? Through interspecies H2 transfer! Our paper on lithosyntrophy is finally published - read about how we resolved the metabolic interactions in this phosphite oxidizing, methanogenic enrichment culture! #phosphorus #methanogenesis www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/...

1 month ago 18 9 2 1
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Diversity, ecology, cell biology and evolution of the Asgard archaea - Nature Reviews Microbiology The Asgard archaea have become a cornerstone of archaeal research, particularly for studies aiming to unravel the origin and early evolution of eukaryotes. This Review outlines the current state of th...

Just over ten years after the discovery of the first Asgard archaeal genomes, we revisit the rapid expansion of this remarkable archaeal lineage. From diverse genomes and metabolisms to eukaryotic signature proteins and the first cultured representatives.
www.nature.com/articles/s41...

1 month ago 49 27 3 1
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Congratulations to Stephan and everyone involved!

Check out his thread to learn more 🧵

1 month ago 5 0 0 0
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Finally out in @natmicrobiol.nature.com: Prediction of eukaryotic cellular complexity in Asgard archaea using structural modelling. Great work by @stephkoe.bsky.social @kassipan.bsky.social @jvhooff.bsky.social

www.nature.com/articles/s41...

1 month ago 72 28 1 0
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Scientists are one step closer to understanding the origins of complex life on Earth after shedding new light on a mystery about our microbial ancestors. https://cnn.it/4srOEWd

1 month ago 66 15 5 1
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Mysterious Asgard microbes may point to origins of complex life | CNN Scientists are trying to understand how complex life emerged on Earth about 2 billion years ago. Our microbial ancestors could be the key.

www.cnn.com/2026/03/04/s...

1 month ago 4 1 0 0

Can't miss this amazing study on the ribosome structure of the Haloferax archaeon 👏🏼👏🏼👏🏼!! Congrats to my good friend @diorgeps.bsky.social and all the other ppl involved!!

1 month ago 8 2 1 0
Anergiobiosis: a testable framework for microbial life under extreme power limitation

New preprint! We propose "anergiobiosis" to describe microbial life at thermodynamic limits as a way of separating the physiological state from questions about aeonophilic extremophile specialization. ecoevorxiv.org/repository/v...
#Microbiology #Extremophiles #SubsurfaceMicrobiology #MicroSky

2 months ago 21 11 1 3

Thanks Reinier!!!

1 month ago 0 0 0 0

Thanks, Pia! Hope you are doing well!!

1 month ago 1 0 0 0
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Thanks!!

1 month ago 0 0 0 0

Thanks Basile 😊

1 month ago 1 0 0 0

Thanks Miguel!!

1 month ago 1 0 0 0

Thanks, Pedro! Congrats to you too!

1 month ago 1 0 0 0

Thanks, Anthony!!

1 month ago 0 0 0 0
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Oxygen metabolism in descendants of the archaeal-eukaryotic ancestor - Nature Sequencing of marine sediments finds 136 newly identified Heimdallarchaeia and several novel lineages, and indicates that Heimdallarchaeia evolved distinct metabolic capabilities from other Asgardarchaeota, in conditions that may have given rise to early eukaryotes.

Nature research paper: Oxygen metabolism in descendants of the archaeal-eukaryotic ancestor

go.nature.com/4rSfRRw

1 month ago 27 14 0 0
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Oxygen metabolism in descendants of the archaeal-eukaryotic ancestor - Nature Sequencing of marine sediments finds 136 newly identified Heimdallarchaeia and several novel lineages, and indicates that Heimdallarchaeia evolved distinct metabolic capabilities from other Asgar...

#NatMicroPicks

Aerobic archaeal-eukaryotic ancestor? 🦠🫁

The ancestor of eukaryotes may have combined hydrogen metabolism with aerobic respiration, shaping early cellular complexity.

#MicroSky

www.nature.com/articles/s41...

2 months ago 34 18 0 0
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Oxygen metabolism in descendants of the archaeal-eukaryotic ancestor - Nature Sequencing of marine sediments finds 136 newly identified Heimdallarchaeia and several novel lineages, and indicates that Heimdallarchaeia evolved distinct metabolic capabilities from other Asgar...

Hot eukaryogenesis news (is there any other kind?) - hydrogen production and aerobic respiration may have been present in the Asgard-eukaryotic ancestor - paper in @nature.com www.nature.com/articles/s41...

2 months ago 36 11 0 0
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Thanks, I cannot wait for our next project! 😊

2 months ago 1 0 1 0
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Oxygen metabolism in descendants of the archaeal-eukaryotic ancestor - Nature Sequencing of marine sediments finds 136 newly identified Heimdallarchaeia and several novel lineages, and indicates that Heimdallarchaeia evolved distinct metabolic capabilities from other Asgar...

New research in @nature.com funded by our Life Sciences division: "Oxygen metabolism in descendants of the archaeal-eukaryotic ancestor." https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10128-z

2 months ago 9 2 1 0

Thanks for all of your wonderful work on this project! I very much enjoyed working together and hope we can again soon!

2 months ago 1 0 0 0
Eukaryogenesis in light of an expanded catalogue of Asgard genomes. a, Simplified, scaled timeline spanning from before the Last Asgard archaea Common Ancestor (LAsCA) to today. Thin bands mark predicted time ranges  of relevant events (for example, GOE), thicker bands represent processes  (for example, eukaryogenesis), and brackets indicate the period shown in b. The timeline further highlights milestones, including potential early eukaryotic fossils60 and the modern-day co-occurrence of Heimdallarchaeia and Alphaproteobacteria observed in this study (interaction likely originated earlier).

Eukaryogenesis in light of an expanded catalogue of Asgard genomes. a, Simplified, scaled timeline spanning from before the Last Asgard archaea Common Ancestor (LAsCA) to today. Thin bands mark predicted time ranges of relevant events (for example, GOE), thicker bands represent processes (for example, eukaryogenesis), and brackets indicate the period shown in b. The timeline further highlights milestones, including potential early eukaryotic fossils60 and the modern-day co-occurrence of Heimdallarchaeia and Alphaproteobacteria observed in this study (interaction likely originated earlier).

Fig. 1 | Expanded genomic diversity of Asgard archaea. a, Maximum-likelihood phylogeny based on 47 non-ribosomal markers (NM47)using the WAG + C10 + R4 model with 100 nonparametric bootstrap pseudoreplicates, including 869 Asgardarchaeota MAGs and 309 outgroup genomes. The blue branches (lower right) indicate the new Asgardarchaeota classes, Ranarchaeia, and the recently proposed Asgardarchaeia4. The concentric rings denote (in to out): the predicted genome size, metabolic guilds based on Pfam clustering, sampling locations, and black stars on the outside mark MAGs added by this study. Asgard, Asgardarchaeia; Atabey, Atabeyarchaeia; Baldr, Baldrarchaeia; Frey/Jord,  Frey/Jordarchaeia; Gerd, Gerdarchaeales; Heimdall, Heimdallarchaeaceae;  Hel, Helarchaeales; Hermod, Hermodarchaeia; Hod, Hodarchaeales;  Kari, Kariarchaeaceae; Loki, Lokiarchaeales; Njord, Njordarchaeales;  Odin, Odinarchaeia; Ran, Ranarchaeia; Sif, Sifarchaeia; Thor, Thorarchaeia;  Wukong, Wukongarchaeia. b, SR4-recoded phylogeny of the same genome  set inferred with the model GTR + C60 + G and 100 nonparametric bootstrap pseudoreplicates (Methods). This updated catalogue constitutes a large increase in the medium- to high-quality publicly available genomes (completeness >50% and contamination and redundancy <10%) with 65.3% from the Guaymas Basin and 34.7% from the Bohai Sea. The encircled numbers represent MAGS added by this study. The scale bars in bothsubpanels represent the average number of substitutions per site.Map created in BioRender; Appler, K. https://biorender.com/147ieoc(2025).

Fig. 1 | Expanded genomic diversity of Asgard archaea. a, Maximum-likelihood phylogeny based on 47 non-ribosomal markers (NM47)using the WAG + C10 + R4 model with 100 nonparametric bootstrap pseudoreplicates, including 869 Asgardarchaeota MAGs and 309 outgroup genomes. The blue branches (lower right) indicate the new Asgardarchaeota classes, Ranarchaeia, and the recently proposed Asgardarchaeia4. The concentric rings denote (in to out): the predicted genome size, metabolic guilds based on Pfam clustering, sampling locations, and black stars on the outside mark MAGs added by this study. Asgard, Asgardarchaeia; Atabey, Atabeyarchaeia; Baldr, Baldrarchaeia; Frey/Jord, Frey/Jordarchaeia; Gerd, Gerdarchaeales; Heimdall, Heimdallarchaeaceae; Hel, Helarchaeales; Hermod, Hermodarchaeia; Hod, Hodarchaeales; Kari, Kariarchaeaceae; Loki, Lokiarchaeales; Njord, Njordarchaeales; Odin, Odinarchaeia; Ran, Ranarchaeia; Sif, Sifarchaeia; Thor, Thorarchaeia; Wukong, Wukongarchaeia. b, SR4-recoded phylogeny of the same genome set inferred with the model GTR + C60 + G and 100 nonparametric bootstrap pseudoreplicates (Methods). This updated catalogue constitutes a large increase in the medium- to high-quality publicly available genomes (completeness >50% and contamination and redundancy <10%) with 65.3% from the Guaymas Basin and 34.7% from the Bohai Sea. The encircled numbers represent MAGS added by this study. The scale bars in bothsubpanels represent the average number of substitutions per site.Map created in BioRender; Appler, K. https://biorender.com/147ieoc(2025).

Our work is published today: ‘Oxygen metabolism in descendants of the archaeal-eukaryotic ancestor’. This was a huge effort lead by @katyappler.bsky.social. Extremely grateful to have been a part of this amazing project! 😊🦠🧬

Links: www.nature.com/articles/s41...
www.nature.com/articles/s41...

2 months ago 46 18 3 2
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I will add if there's any wonder how much work this study was just have a look at the 170 pages SI file! static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10...

2 months ago 9 1 0 0
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Research centers in the Great Lakes region change the scope of global freshwater ecology | Great Lakes Echo A new study examines the uniqueness of work that research centers conduct in the Great Lakes region, highlighting their importance amid dramatic changes in federal funding.

new study of #GreatLakes research centers, w/ some nice quotes from CIGLR colleagues: "Research centers in the region also work together as a collaborative that complements each of them, and so the network of research centers is vital, Moerke said."...

greatlakesecho.org/2026/02/16/r...

2 months ago 6 3 1 0
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A Break in a Longstanding Mystery about Origin of Complex Life Breathe easy. It appears our microbial ancestors used oxygen, too.

Some of our earliest microbial ancestors, the Asgard archaea, were able to use oxygen, says new study in @nature.com. It may solve a mystery about how complex life first arose.

#AsgardArchaea #MicrobialEcology #Eukaryogenesis #TexasScience @utmsi.bsky.social @archaeal.bsky.social

2 months ago 18 9 0 1