Connecting extinction learning in the laboratory and the wild

Perspective by Patrick Anselme & Onur Güntürkün

go.nature.com/4ckM4fv

Investigating the reproducibility of the social and behavioural sciences - Nature A study of reproducibility in a stratified random sample of 600 papers published from 2009 to 2018 in 62 journals spanning the social and behavioural sciences finds higher reproducibility among more recent papers and papers from journals that require data sharing.

Nature research paper: Investigating the reproducibility of the social and behavioural sciences

go.nature.com/3OhvkfP

What Artemis II’s astronauts will look for on the Moon’s far side Mission scientists spoke to Nature about the geological features they’re most excited for the crew to observe.

This Monday, 6 April, if all goes to plan, astronauts aboard NASA’s Artemis II mission will fly around the Moon’s far side. Nature talked to mission scientists about the geological features they're excited to see.

go.nature.com/4sWdbTY

Investigating the replicability of the social and behavioural sciences - Nature A large-scale study on the replicability of claims from social and behavioural science journals reports that about half of the results replicate in the same patterns as the original study.

New article in Nature!

Happy to have contributed (as one of the many co-authors)

Researchers could replicate the results of about half of the studies in various social science disciplines

This holds for various fields: pol sci, econ, sociology, & psychology

#science 🧪 @briannosek.bsky.social

Hallucinated citations are polluting the scientific literature. What can be done? Tens of thousands of publications from 2025 might include invalid references generated by AI, a Nature analysis suggests.

Sadly, not an April Fool & also not surprising. “An analysis conducted by @nature.com in collaboration with Grounded AI suggests that at least tens of thousands of 2025 publications, including journal papers, books, & conference proceedings, probably contain invalid references generated by AI.” 🧪

Oxytocin is much than a "social" hormone. I think it's more accurate to describe it as an allostatic hormone that helps maintain physiological stability. Its social effects are just a by-product of these regulatory efforts doi.org/10.1016/j.ti...

Data Organization in Spreadsheets Karl W. Broman & Kara H. Woo Pages 2-10 | Received 01 Jun 2017, Accepted author version posted online: 29 Sep 2017, Published online: 24 Apr 2018 1. Introduction 2. Be Consistent 3. Choose Good Names for Things 4. Write Dates as YYYY-MM-DD 5. No Empty Cells 6. Put Just One Thing in a Cell 7. Make it a Rectangle 8. Create a Data Dictionary 9. No Calculations in the Raw Data Files 10. Do Not Use Font Color or Highlighting as Data 11. Make Backups 12. Use Data Validation to Avoid Errors 13. Save the Data in Plain Text Files ABSTRACT Spreadsheets are widely used software tools for data entry, storage, analysis, and visualization. Focusing on the data entry and storage aspects, this article offers practical recommendations for organizing spreadsheet data to reduce errors and ease later analyses. The basic principles are: be consistent, write dates like YYYY-MM-DD, do not leave any cells empty, put just one thing in a cell, organize the data as a single rectangle (with subjects as rows and variables as columns, and with a single header row), create a data dictionary, do not include calculations in the raw data files, do not use font color or highlighting as data, choose good names for things, make backups, use data validation to avoid data entry errors, and save the data in plain text files.

Every day is a good day for sharing one of the most useful papers about research data ever written. PLEASE get your people to understand and follow this advice.

www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10....

Dopamine takes a hit: how neuroscience is rethinking the ‘feel-good’ chemical It has long been known as the arbiter of reward in the brain, but recent findings could upend this classic theory of dopamine function.

Dopamine takes a hit: how neuroscience is rethinking the ‘feel-good’ chemical. (Bonus Omar Little quote included.) www.nature.com/articles/d41...

Leopoldina zeichnet Biochemikerin Melina Schuh mit der Carus-Medaille aus Um Paare mit unerfülltem Kinderwunsch unterstützen zu können, muss die Herausbildung der menschlichen Keimzellen genau verstanden werden. Die Biochemikerin Melina Schuh erforscht die Entwicklung von S...

🎉 Die Leopoldina gratuliert ihrem Mitglied Melina Schuh @schuhlab.bsky.social zur Carus-Medaille. Geehrt wird die Biochemikerin für ihre Forschungen zu Eizellen: www.leopoldina.org/newsroom/nac...

Do researchers share their code upon request? Does running their orginal code on the original data produce the original results? We provide evidence in a new Royal Society Open Science publication. Studying more than 1,000 articles which use data from the European Social Survey, we find that... 🧵

…reproducibility problems are widespread. Only one in three authors (35%) share code, and even when code is available, only every second main result (51%) is numerically reproducible.

Thanks, makes sense! But what I‘m not understanding is why Nature Medicine would not have held the authors to higher standards here? Nature Medicine seems like a serious journal; I would have expected reviewers would have taken issues with that. Would be disappointing, if it‘s just publication bias

How much does this impact the quality/credibility of the study in your eyes? I‘m interested as I‘m not familiar with this kind of research, and as a layperson, I would understand the stated reasons and trust the reputation of Nature Medicine

A screenshot of the article title: Reframing oxytocin as a behavioral flexibility hormone

Scientific claims in biobehavioral oxytocin research are dependent on a “derivation chain”. Theoretical models are the beginning of this chain, which are dependent on a theoretical core supported by auxiliary hypotheses. Efforts to improve biobehavioral oxytocin research have tended to focus on auxiliary hypotheses related to experimental models (e.g., improving oxytocin delivery to the brain, polygenic approaches for genetics studies), and statistical auxiliary hypothesis (e.g., appropriate sample sizes for research). However, even if these issues are addressed, a poorly specified theoretical core (and associated auxiliary hypothesis) can lead to unreliable scientific claims

Oxytocin is typically described as a "social" hormone. In our new article, we propose that it should instead be viewed a hormone that modulates behavioral flexibility

doi.org/10.1016/j.ne...

Neanderthals, modern humans, and the rules of attraction. Here's my story on a tantalizing study on mating preferences as far back as 250,000 years ago. Gift link: nyti.ms/4bcNzvy

Mixed Evidence for Impact of Early Infant Gut Microbiome and Later Development of Autism Spectrum Disorder in the MARBLES Prospective Cohort Study This study investigated the relationship between early infant gut microbiome composition and subsequent neurodevelopmental outcomes. Fecal samples from children in the markers of autism risks in babi...

"the gut microbiome in the first 7 months after birth and its relation to later development of autism, examined at 36 months of age"?--study finds "no major differences in the gut microbiome of infants who developed autism compared to those who did not" onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/... free

Thanks!

See lakens.github.io/statistical_...

Do you happen to have the name or a link to the study this figure is based on? I’m not very familiar with the research on this topic and would like to read the underlying study. Thank you!

198 effect sizes in ego depletion resesrch showed an effect size of d=0.62. Preregistered large replications (including some by original authors) yielded an effect size of 0. No one has been able to offer any other explanation for this huge research waste than massive p-hacking.

Statistical Learning by 8-Month-Old Infants Learners rely on a combination of experience-independent and experience-dependent mechanisms to extract information from the environment. Language acquisition involves both types of mechanisms, but mo...

Brains learn structure without reward, instruction, or feedback — a process called statistical learning.

Human infants do this effortlessly (famous work by Saffran et al 1996), but how does the brain implement it?

2/7
www.science.org/doi/10.1126/...

Very happy to see "Pretending not to know reveals a capacity for model-based self-simulation", a collaboration with @chazfirestone.bsky.social and @ianbphillips.bsky.social, out in Psych. Science!

journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177...

🧵

The 'bible for psychiatry' is getting a rewrite: your guide to the next DSM Nature - The next version of the diagnostic tool will be a ‘living' and ‘scientifically rigorous manual’.

Mental illness affects one in four adults, which should make The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders one of the most well-thumbed medical texts in the world

go.nature.com/3ZWsXBa

A figure depicting continental drift from when Gondwana existed to present day, with continents and countries colored according to the ratite species that occur or occurred on them. Next to that is a cartoon of a phylogeny that we would expect support for if continental drift explained patterns of species occurrence and relatedness. And next to that is a cartoon of the phylogeny supported by the genetic data presented in this paper, which demonstrates that closely related species must have traveled great distances after Gondwana broke up, after which flightlessness evolved, and that this happened more than once.

This paper is a great for teaching phylogenetic trees.

"Ancient DNA reveals elephant birds and kiwi are sister taxa and clarifies ratite bird evolution"

Clearly written. It discusses hypotheses of relatedness among species via continental drift vs genetic data. 🧪

www.science.org/doi/10.1126/...

Illustration of the hypothesized flows of information between perception, memory and cognitive control in a conceptual model of working memory. Stimuli attributes are processed to varying degrees of abstraction and parts of these representations can be loaded into working memory under the guidance of cognitive control. Familiar stimuli such as the letter B activate visually abstract representations while less familiar stimuli are limited to sensory representations. Information can be shifted both up and down levels of the perceptual hierarchy to build either more or less abstract representations of either perceived or imagined stimuli. Working memories can be shifted into or out of the hierarchy as needed.

We recently published a theoretical review about how compositional and generative mechanisms in working memory provide a flexible engine for creative perception and imagery.

Pre-print:
osf.io/preprints/ps...

Paper: www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...

あけましておめでとうございます。

画像は明るさの錯視で、左の白馬と右の黒馬は輝度が同じです。

This book helped me a lot during my undergrad studies. Thank you so much!

screenshot of my post

Big new blogpost!

My guide to data visualization, which includes a very long table of contents, tons of charts, and more.

--> Why data visualization matters and how to make charts more effective, clear, transparent, and sometimes, beautiful.
www.scientificdiscovery.dev/p/salonis-gu...

Psychische Belastungen sind unter jungen Erwachsenen in Deutschland weit verbreitet. Doch die Inanspruchnahme professioneller Hilfe ist gering.
Der aktuelle Beitrag des #JHealthMonit will die spezifischen Barrieren identifizieren und prüfen, welche Faktoren dazu führen.

➡️ www.rki.de/DE/Aktuelles...