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[Web dev for beginners] CSS layout: flexbox, grid, media queries and container queries CSS provides a variety of services for web content: In the previous chapter, we used it to format content: to change colors, typefaces, etc. In this chapter, we will use it to lay out content: to plac...

[Web dev for beginners] CSS layout: flexbox, grid, media queries and container queries
2ality.com/2025/10/css-...

#2ality #WebDev #CSS

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[Web development for beginners] CSS: Learn the essentials quickly In the previous chapter, we used HTML to create unformatted content. In this chapter, we use CSS to configure the style of that content: We can change the color of the background, use various fonts, a...

[Web development for beginners] CSS: Learn the essentials quickly
2ality.com/2025/10/css-...

#2ality #WebDev #CSS

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Taking SVG “screenshots” of HTML elements I was looking for a way to create images (think screenshots) of CSS layouts that I can use in HTML, EPUB and PDF files. This blog post describes my solution – which produces SVG images.

Taking SVG “screenshots” of HTML elements
2ality.com/2025/09/svg-...

#2ality

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Learning web development: Creating web pages via HTML In this chapter, we learn how to create web pages via HTML.

Learning web development: Creating web pages via HTML
2ality.com/2025/09/html...

#2ality #WebDev #HTML

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Learning web development: Version control via Git and GitHub In this chapter, we learn how to use the version control system Git and a useful companion website, GitHub. Both are important tools when programming in teams but even help programmers who work on the...

Learning web development: Version control via Git and GitHub
2ality.com/2025/09/git-...

#2ality #WebDev

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Learning web development: Markdown In this chapter, we explore Markdown, a lightweight markup language that’s easy to learn and used a lot when writing about programming: documentation, comments, etc. We’ll need it in the next chapter....

Learning web development: Markdown
2ality.com/2025/09/mark...

#2ality #WebDev #Markdown

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Learning web development: Native package managers In this chapter, we install a package manager for our operating system. That enables us to install shell commands that we can’t get via npm.

Learning web development: Native package managers
2ality.com/2025/09/nati...

#2ality #WebDev

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Learning web development: Authenticating users with plain Node.js In this chapter, we learn how to write a server that lets users log in via passwords. That process is called authentication.

Learning web development: Authenticating users with plain Node.js
2ality.com/2025/09/auth...

#2ality #WebDev #JavaScript #NodeJS

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Learning web development: Implementing web servers In this chapter, we’ll write our own web server: It will serve files and manage the data for a browser app.

Learning web development: Implementing web servers
2ality.com/2025/09/impl...

#2ality #WebDev #JavaScript

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Learning web development: Frontend frameworks In this chapter, we’ll take a look at frontend frameworks – libraries that help with programming web user interfaces (“frontend” means “browser”, “backend” means “server”). We’ll use the frontend fram...

Learning web development: Frontend frameworks
2ality.com/2025/09/fron...

#2ality #WebDev #JavaScript

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Learning web development: Installing npm packages and bundling In this chapter we develop a small web app in the same way that large professional web apps are developed: We use libraries that we install via npm. We write tests for some of the functionality. We co...

Learning web development: Installing npm packages and bundling
2ality.com/2025/09/npm-...

#2ality #WebDev #JavaScript

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Learning web development: Asynchronous JavaScript – Promises and async functions In this chapter, we learn how to handle tasks that take a long time to complete – think downloading a file. The mechanisms for doing that, Promises and async functions are an important foundation of J...

Learning web development: Asynchronous JavaScript – Promises and async functions
2ality.com/2025/09/java...

#2ality #WebDev #JavaScript

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Learning web development: JSON and processing files in Node.js In this chapter, we explore the popular data format JSON. And we implement shell commands via Node.js that read and write files.

Learning web development: JSON and processing files in Node.js
2ality.com/2025/08/java...

#2ality #WebDev #JavaScript

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Learning web development: JavaScript Maps In this chapter, we’ll explore the data structure Map (a class) which lets us translate (“map”) from an input value to an output value. We’ll use a Map to display text upside-down in a terminal!

Learning web development: JavaScript Maps
2ality.com/2025/08/java...

#2ality #WebDev #JavaScript

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New series of blog posts: learning web development This blog post provides an overview of my new series of blog posts called “Learning web development”.

Learning web development: JavaScript exceptions
2ality.com/2025/08/lear...

#2ality #WebDev #JavaScript

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JavaScript’s trademark problem In this blog post, we discuss Oracle’s trademark of the word “JavaScript”: What are the problems caused by that trademark? How can we fix those problems?

JavaScript’s trademark problem
2ality.com/2025/08/java...

#2ality #JavaScript

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Learning web development: Plain objects in JavaScript In this chapter, we learn how to create plain objects with properties. We use them to create a simple flash card app.

Learning web development: Plain objects in JavaScript
2ality.com/2025/08/java...

#2ality #WebDev #JavaScript

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Learning web development: Modules and testing in JavaScript So far, all of our JavaScript code resided in a single file – be it an .html file or a .js file. In this chapter, we learn how to split it up into multiple files. And how to automatically test if the ...

Learning web development: Modules and testing in JavaScript
2ality.com/2025/08/java...

#2ality #WebDev #JavaScript

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Learning web development: Web servers In this chapter, we run a web server on our own computer and use it to serve a web app.

Learning web development: Web servers
2ality.com/2025/08/web-...

#2ality #WebDev

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Learning web development: Shells and Node.js In this chapter we explore two topics: A shell is like browser console, but for the operating system instead of for JavaScript. It helps us with programming by running the tools (programs) we need to ...

Learning web development: Shells and Node.js
2ality.com/2025/08/shel...

#2ality #WebDev #JavaScript

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Learning web development: Loops in JavaScript In this chapter, we learn how to do things repeatedly in JavaScript.

Learning web development: Loops in JavaScript
2ality.com/2025/08/java...

#2ality #WebDev #JavaScript

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Learning web development: Booleans, comparisons and `if` statements In this chapter, we learn about tools for only running a piece of code if a condition is met: truth values (booleans), comparisons and if statements.

Learning web development: Booleans, comparisons and `if` statements
2ality.com/2025/08/java...

#2ality #WebDev #JavaScript

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Learning web development: Arrays in JavaScript In this chapter we look at one way of storing more than one value in a variable: arrays.

Learning web development: Arrays in JavaScript
2ality.com/2025/08/java...

#2ality #WebDev #JavaScript

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Learning web development: strings and methods in JavaScript In the last chapter, we worked with numbers. In this chapter, we’ll work with text and write our first applications.

Learning web development: strings and methods in JavaScript
2ality.com/2025/08/java...

#2ality #WebDev #JavaScript

1 1 0 0
New series of blog posts: learning web development This blog post provides an overview of my new series of blog posts called “Learning web development”.

New series of blog posts: learning web development
2ality.com/2025/08/lear...

#2ality

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Ecma International approves ECMAScript 2025: What’s new? On 25 June 2025, the 129th Ecma General Assembly approved the ECMAScript 2025 language specification (press release), which means that it’s officially a standard now. This blog post explains what’s ne...

Ecma International approves ECMAScript 2025: What’s new?
2ality.com/2025/06/ecma...

#JavaScript #ECMAScript #2ality

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Tips for making regular expressions easier to use in JavaScript In this blog post, we explore ways in which we can make regular expressions easier to use.

Tips for making regular expressions easier to use in JavaScript
2ality.com/2025/06/java...

#JavaScript #2ality

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TypeScript: checking Map keys and Array indices JavaScript has two common patterns: Maps: We check the existence of a key via .has() before retrieving the associated value via .get(). Arrays: We check the length of an Array before performing an ind...

TypeScript: checking Map keys and Array indices
2ality.com/2025/06/chec...

#TypeScript #2ality

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How TypeScript solved its global `Iterator` name clash In ECMAScript 2025, JavaScript gets a class Iterator with iterator helper methods. This class conflicts with TypeScript’s existing types for iterators. In this blog post, we explore why that is and ho...

How TypeScript solved its global `Iterator` name clash
2ality.com/2025/06/type...

#TypeScript #2ality

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Styling console text in Node.js In this blog post, we explore how we can style text that we log to the console in Node.js. Some of the examples use a Unix shell but most of the code should also work on Windows.

Styling console text in Node.js
2ality.com/2025/05/ansi...

#NodeJS #JavaScript #2ality

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