Afghanistan’s instability is not just about war or governance failure — it’s rooted in how the state was built over deep ethnic divisions. Ignoring that structural reality keeps repeating the same crisis.
#Afghanistan #EthnicPolitics #StateBuilding
Read Full Article: stratheia.com/redrawing-af...

Embracing cultural diversity while prioritising national identity is key to Pakistan’s survival and resilience.
By Akram Saqib

Read more: thefridaytimes.com/10-Feb-2026/...

#PakistanUnityDrive #linguistic #nationalism #provincialism #ethnicpolitics #hybridwarfare

Preserving Pakistan: Unity Over Linguistic Politics And The Threat Of Provincialism Pakistan’s survival lies solely in embracing our linguistic identities as a cultural heritage, while never allowing them to overshadow our national identity

Pakistan’s strength lies in unity; linguistic and provincial divisions only serve foreign agendas and internal conflict.
By Akram Saqib

Read more: www.thefridaytimes.com/10-Feb-2026/...

#PakistanUnityDrive #linguistic #nationalism #provincialism #ethnicpolitics #hybridwarfare

Chapter Review - Ethnicity, Nationalism and Nation-Building - Stratheia An analysis of how ethnicity and nationalism shaped Pakistan’s politics, focusing on Sindh, MQM, and state responses.

The 1971 breakup proved religious identity alone cannot sustain a nation. Ignoring ethnic and regional voices weakens state legitimacy.
#1971Lessons #StateLegitimacy #EthnicPolitics
stratheia.com/chapter-revi...

Zalmay Khalilzad’s Dark Reflection in History’s Mirror Zalmay Khalilzad, controversial U.S. diplomat and Pashtun-Gulzai from the same roots as many Taliban leaders, is widely viewed as the architect behind the fall of Afghanistan’s republic and the rise of Taliban power. His role in facilitating the Doha Agreement, which legitimized the Taliban and led to their return to power, remains a source of national shame and international criticism.

Zalmay Khalilzad, once the U.S. peace envoy, is viewed by many as the person responsible for Afghanistan’s fall, having facilitated the Taliban’s return during his tenure—an enduring mark of national shame. #Khalilzad #Afghanistan #Taliban #USForeignPolicy #History #RegionalImpact #EthnicPolitics…