Ocean stratification in a warming climate - Nature Reviews Earth & Environment Ocean stratification — density-related layering of seawater — influences oceanographic and climatic processes. This Review outlines observed and projected changes in stratification, noting a 0.8% dec−1 increase in 0–2,000 m stratification from 1960–2024, and a further 1.4% dec−1 increase by 2100 under SSP2-4.5.

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Original article (paywalled, log in to your local university library to read)

Cheng et al. 30 September 2025 Nat Rev Earth Environ 6, 637–655 (2025).

Ocean stratification in a warming climate

doi.org/10.1038/s430...

#FYI #PaulBeckwith video lecture and literature review
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Relevant changes of part of the AMOC, the Subpolar Gyre explained

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