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Posts by Jorge Sastre Domínguez

Excited to share our new paper out today in @science.org 🎉

We show that HGT via natural competence drives diversification of chromosomal integrons in V. cholerae 🤩

Below a 🧵 on key findings incl. background on natural competence in V. cholerae 1/
#microsky #phagesky
www.science.org/doi/10.1126/...

1 week ago 218 88 12 2
Immune-deficient bacteria serve as gateways to genetic exchange and microbial evolution Nature Communications - The efficiency of horizontal gene transfer between different bacterial lineages is often unclear. Here, Figueroa et al. show that lateral transduction is the primary driver...

Latest from the lab!
Between clinical S. aureus, most gene transfer mechanisms are blocked, yet lateral transduction remains highly efficient.
Restriction modification-defective strains act as gateways for horizontal gene transfer, enabling DNA flow across populations. rdcu.be/fbNQK

2 weeks ago 29 17 0 0
Immune-deficient bacteria serve as gateways to genetic exchange and microbial evolution Nature Communications - The efficiency of horizontal gene transfer between different bacterial lineages is often unclear. Here, Figueroa et al. show that lateral transduction is the primary driver...

Out in @natcomms.nature.com! We show that while most MGEs are blocked by RM systems🛡️, the chromosome is still mobile! 🧬And that cells with defective systems act as "gateways" for HGT.

Can you find the hidden Easter egg🐇🥚? Hint: There's a nod to my 🇲🇽 heritage in one of the figures!
rdcu.be/fbUC8

2 weeks ago 24 9 1 0
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New paper from Hugh Cottingham, @katholt.bsky.social , @yekwah.bsky.social @nenadmacesic.bsky.social and co.
Great to see the speed/accuracy tradeoff info here, I don't think I've seen it laid out like this before.
www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/jour...

3 weeks ago 16 8 0 1
LinkedIn This link will take you to a page that’s not on LinkedIn

🔊 Looking for a Research Assistant in Bacterial Evolution to join my lab 🦠
🥼Main duties: Research (AMR + microbiome) + lab assistance.
⏲️ Post duration: 30 months
🗓️ Closing date for applications: 20th April 2026
💰 Salary: ~£35k

Details and how to apply: tinyurl.com/2a3v66y7

Please share!

3 weeks ago 24 47 0 0
Two models for the nature of pleiotropy in adaptation. Left: Schematic of the environmental structure in this study. Environments can be mapped onto a multidimensional environment space characterized by chemical and physical compositions. The large green circle represents an environment where adaptive mutants evolved, and the large pink circle is a distant environment. Around each base, a set of identical environmental perturbations (arrows) is applied, generating clusters of similar environments around distinct base environments. Top right: Schematic of fitnotype map for adaptive mutants near their home base environment. By measuring fitness in each of the green environments, one can infer how many fitnotypes matter for this set of mutants in their home environment. Here, only four of the possible 8 fitnotypes matter. Bottom right: When the mutants are moved to the distant base environment, and their fitness is measured in all pink environments (base and perturbations), there are two possibilities. Either more fitnotypes become important and the space appears higher-dimensional (left, pleiotropic expansion), or the set of fitnotypes that matters remains low-dimensional, but shifts (right, pleiotropic shift).

Two models for the nature of pleiotropy in adaptation. Left: Schematic of the environmental structure in this study. Environments can be mapped onto a multidimensional environment space characterized by chemical and physical compositions. The large green circle represents an environment where adaptive mutants evolved, and the large pink circle is a distant environment. Around each base, a set of identical environmental perturbations (arrows) is applied, generating clusters of similar environments around distinct base environments. Top right: Schematic of fitnotype map for adaptive mutants near their home base environment. By measuring fitness in each of the green environments, one can infer how many fitnotypes matter for this set of mutants in their home environment. Here, only four of the possible 8 fitnotypes matter. Bottom right: When the mutants are moved to the distant base environment, and their fitness is measured in all pink environments (base and perturbations), there are two possibilities. Either more fitnotypes become important and the space appears higher-dimensional (left, pleiotropic expansion), or the set of fitnotypes that matters remains low-dimensional, but shifts (right, pleiotropic shift).

Predicting the effect of a #mutation on #fitness is hard. @oliviamghosh.bsky.social @petrovadmitri.bsky.social &co use fitness effects of adaptive yeast mutants to show that underlying genotype-phenotype-fitness maps are low-dimensional but context-dependent @plosbiology.org 🧪 plos.io/4dLy2Ez

3 weeks ago 35 12 0 0
The antimicrobial gut resistome of the Wayampi reveals a shared background of antibiotic and metal resistance genes with industrialized populations, underscoring the “robust-yet-fragile” architecture ...

We are pleased to share our last article rdcu.be/fabhM. It offers the most comprehensive analysis so far of Ab+non-Ab resistance genes in human gut microbiome, using an Indigenous population (low industrialization, chronic Hg exposure from gold mining) 6/6👇

4 weeks ago 20 15 1 1
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New preprint alert!!! 🚀🤓 We are very happy to finally share this with the world — the result of seven years of work and a new tool to study integrons and discover new functions encoded in these bacterial platforms.

If you want to know more, here is a thread 🧵
www.biorxiv.org/content/10.6...

1 month ago 48 29 5 0

Here is it! Super new science from us on horizontal gene transfer & bact defense systems! Liyana OW YONG discovered the first-of-its-kind defense factor AbjA that triggers 'abortive conjugation' as a defense mechanism, by targeting the T4SS! How neat?! #MicroSky 1/7

www.biorxiv.org/content/10.6...

1 month ago 22 11 3 2
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PhD Position in Computational Modelling of Fungal Evolution How do giant mobile elements called ‘Starships’ reshape fungal plant pathogens? Help us computationally model their spread and impact in nature and agriculture!

Phd Position alert 🚨

Join our project ASTRAfun (Adaptation and Starship Traffic in Root-Associated fungi), in which we will use computational models to unveil the hidden dynamics of fungal evolution.

It’s not going to be just regular fun. It’s going to ASTRAfun. 🤓

www.uu.nl/en/organisat...

4 weeks ago 24 28 1 4

Here’s the latest preprint from my work on evolved resistance to Type VI Secretion system (T6SS) weaponry, funded by a @wellcometrust.bsky.social Sir Henry Wellcome Fellowship. So happy to see this out!
www.biorxiv.org/content/10.6...

1 month ago 44 18 3 1
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Lineage dynamics of invasive Escherichia coli isolates in the Netherlands from 1975 to 2021: a retrospective longitudinal genomic analysis Escherichia coli is a common cause of invasive infections such as bloodstream and cerebrospinal fluid infections in neonates. Strains positive for the…

Am stoked and thrilled that our latest paper is now out. A longitudinal study of invasive E. coli from children in the Netherlands over 50 years

www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...

1 month ago 42 22 2 2
From Trading Genes to Crafting New Tricks: How Horizontal Gene Transfer Potentiates the Emergence of Novel Functions

Horizontal gene transfer is often depicted as a process distributing pre-existing functions to novel genetic backgrounds. Yet HGT can also increase the rate of functional innovation after transfer. Here's a brief review on the topic: ecoevorxiv.org/repository/v... #evosky #microsky

1 month ago 88 42 2 0
Species-specific prophage induction by ciprofloxacin in human gut metagenomes Antibiotics are known to trigger prophage induction in controlled laboratory settings, but it remains unclear whether this also occurs within microbiomes in nature. Current methods investigating the link between antibiotics and prophage induction within the human gut rely on in vitro culturing of human gut bacterial isolates. Using a metagenomic approach, we aimed to measure prophage induction and whether it is associated with antibiotic exposure. Across two independent human cohorts, we compared prophage to bacterial host read depth ratios (P:H) across known or measured antibiotic exposures. We found that induction is not broadly associated with antibiotic exposures at the level of the overall microbiome, but that ciprofloxacin increases P:H ratios in specific bacterial species. We documented heterogeneous trajectories of P:H ratios over the course of antibiotic exposure, sometimes increasing and remaining high, or returning to baseline. This study complements experimental models by providing in vivo evidence of induction in the human gut. Importance Bacteriophages are viruses that infect a bacterial host. The lytic and lysogenic cycles are the two classic outcomes of phage infection. In the lytic cycle, the phage immediately replicates and lyses its host to release new viral particles. In the lysogenic cycle, the phage, now called a prophage, integrates its genome into that of its host without killing it. Prophages can switch to the lytic cycle in a process called induction, in which the viral genome is replicated, the host cell is lysed, and viral particles are released. The most immediate consequence of induction is host cell death which can impact bacterial populations and communities. Since prophages are mobile genetic elements that can move between bacteria, they are also an important vehicle for horizontal gene transfer. While induction has been well studied in vitro , whether and how induction occurs within the complex microbial ecosystem in humans is less well characterized. Understanding prophage induction in vivo is therefore critical in corroborating in vitro observations. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. NIH Common Fund, https://ror.org/001d55x84 Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council

In the lab, antibiotics can make integrated viruses (prophages) pop out of bacterial genomes. In this (short!) preprint, we asked a simple question: how much does this happen outside the lab, in the human gut?

TLDR: Not much overall, in specific bacterial species.
🧵

www.biorxiv.org/content/10.6...

1 month ago 58 30 1 0

Check out the latest version of our paper — peer-reviewed, polished, and published. Hope you like it!

www.nature.com/articles/s41...

1 month ago 20 5 0 0
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Plasmids promote antimicrobial resistance through insertion sequence-mediated gene inactivation Nature Microbiology, Published online: 13 March 2026; doi:10.1038/s41564-026-02290-xInactivation of chromosomal genes through plasmid-encoded IS elements is an extended mechanism of antimicrobial resistance evolution in bacteria.

Out Now! Plasmids promote antimicrobial resistance through insertion sequence-mediated gene inactivation #MicroSky

1 month ago 16 4 0 0
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Muchas gracias, Rafa!! 😁😁

1 month ago 1 0 0 0

Thanks, David!!! 😊😁

1 month ago 0 0 0 0

Thank you, Paula!! 🥰

1 month ago 0 0 0 0

Glad to see our latest work out in Nature Microbiology!!

Extremely grateful to everyone involved in the project.

Check it out!! 👇🏻👇🏻

1 month ago 20 8 4 0
Plasfighter: Antibiotic resistance mediated by plasmids
Plasfighter: Antibiotic resistance mediated by plasmids YouTube video by Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC)

In this motion we give an overview of the results!

www.youtube.com/watch?v=KbOY...

1 month ago 15 2 0 0
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Plasmids promote antimicrobial resistance through insertion sequence-mediated gene inactivation - Nature Microbiology Inactivation of chromosomal genes through plasmid-encoded IS elements is an extended mechanism of antimicrobial resistance evolution in bacteria.

Final version of our last paper is out!
www.nature.com/articles/s41...

1 month ago 107 61 6 1
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Identifican un nuevo mecanismo utilizado por plásmidos para acelerar la aparición de resistencia a los antibióticos.
@sanmillan.bsky.social @uam.es @csic.es 
Más info en nuestra web: https://f.mtr.cool/pmappovlkt
Artículo en: https://f.mtr.cool/yvxpgzaraz
@natureportfolio.nature.com  
@erc.europa.eu

1 month ago 4 3 0 0

New preprint out on bioRxiv!

www.biorxiv.org/content/10.6...

Can conjugative plasmids be used to control plasmid and pathogen spread?

Follow me down the rabbit hole that led to this story 🧵

1 month ago 55 36 5 1
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New preprint on the limits of detecting higher-order interactions in microbial communities.
www.biorxiv.org/content/10.6...
We find that the dominance of additive and pairwise interactions on community function may not reflect biological simplicity, but fundamental limits of statistical detection.

1 month ago 101 54 5 3

Excited to share our latest work! 📝

We measured the fitness effect of 136 AMR genes and found that many are neutral or even beneficial without selection. 🤯🧬

Oxygen availability can flip their fitness and our stochastic model indicates that oxygen fluctuations help maintain them.

Learn more 👇🏼

1 month ago 49 26 3 2
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New paper showing that bacteria with more genes for cooperation can live in a broader range of habitats and that genes for cooperation are more more likely to be in the accessory genome www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/... @lauriebelch.bsky.social

1 month ago 70 33 2 0
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Prediction of eukaryotic cellular complexity in Asgard archaea using structural modelling - Nature Microbiology A structural catalogue of the Asgard archaeal pangenome reveals hundreds of eukaryotic-like proteins that suggest a higher degree of cellular complexity in the archaeal ancestor of eukaryotes.

🧵 1/10 New paper out in @natmicrobiol.nature.com from my postdoc at @mib-wur.bsky.social! 🎉

How eukaryote-like was the archaeal ancestor of eukaryotes? Sequence searches alone can't tell us — so we used protein structure prediction to look deeper. 🧬
www.nature.com/articles/s41...

1 month ago 66 36 3 3
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In case you missed it: our review titled "Spatial structure: shaping the ecology and evolution of microbial communities" is out! 🚨

Let me hit you with some highlights on why spatial structure matters. (and why you should care!)

Sharing is appreciated 🙏 🧵👇

doi.org/10.1093/fems...

1 month ago 145 89 3 2
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Last year, we proposed a model of plasmid evolution via fusion and fragmentation (via mge mediated recombination) generating mosaics, by studying historical isolates. Excited to see a MASSIVE paper from @jrpenades.bsky.social , @epcrocha.bsky.social expanding on this
www.biorxiv.org/content/10.6...

2 months ago 75 32 1 1