Figure 2. Bar graph showing weighted prevalence of parent-reported chronic pain by disability category. Disability categories include Seizure, Cerebral palsy, Vision impairment, Hearing loss and more. Weighted prevalence is higher with disability in each category.

In a national survey, children with developmental disabilities had over twice the prevalence of parent-reported #ChronicPain compared with children without disabilities. Socioeconomic and adversity factors further increased risk.

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Acetaminophen Exposure During Pregnancy and the Risk of Autism in Offspring This cohort study evaluates the potential association between prenatal acetaminophen exposure and risk of autism in Danish national registers.

Prenatal exposure to #acetaminophen was not associated with an increased risk of #autism in offspring in a large Danish cohort, with consistent findings in population and sibling analyses. ja.ma/4tPlQrr

Line graph shows trends in unmet healthcare needs among autistic children from 2016-2023. Weighted prevalence (%) is charted for general, medical, dental, vision, hearing and mental health needs, noting increases in general and mental health unmet needs.

Annual prevalence of unmet health care needs among children with #AutismSpectrumDisorder in the US doubled from 2016 to 2023, with sharp postpandemic increases in unmet mental and medical health care needs.

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Gender-Related Care and Spending in Medicaid and CHIP This cross-sectional study identifies the nationwide utilization rates and costs of gender-affirming hormone therapy, puberty blockers, and surgical procedures among transgender and gender-diverse youths in the US.

Assigned female at birth youth in Medicaid and CHIP had higher rates of hormone therapy and puberty blocker use than assigned male at birth youth, with lower overall gender-related care utilization compared to commercially insured adolescents. ja.ma/3PH2G8a

A research letter from JAMA Pediatrics titled, "Out-of-Pocket Cost of Spinal Muscular Atrophy Gene Therapies Among Commercially Insured Patients" by Maria Sckaff, BS@1; Ilina C. Odouard, MPH@2; and Jeromie Ballreich, PhD@2.

Among US patients with #SpinalMuscularAtrophy, #GeneTherapy was associated with low out-of-pocket costs relative to total spending, but costs varied by insurance plan type and treatment type. ja.ma/3Qge23k

Risk of Bias Assessment Diagram via Risk of Bias 2 (RoB-2) Tool. The risk of bias domain is listed for multiple sources such as Abdelzaam et al@20, de Heer et al@22, and Frelich et al@14 with D1 through D5 and overall judgments noted.

EEG-guided anesthesia was associated with a lower incidence of emergence delirium, reduced pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium scores, and shorter postanesthesia care unit stays among children compared with standard practice. ja.ma/4vO6Sno

Long-Term Cardiometabolic Outcomes in Children With Obesity This cohort study evaluates if metabolically healthy obesity in children is associated with increased long-term cardiometabolic outcomes.

Children with metabolically healthy obesity had higher risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia as young adults vs the general population. Obesity treatment lowered risk in all groups. ja.ma/4c8bzPR

Line and scatter plots show trends in RSV-related hospitalizations by diagnostic category and immunization group. Plots show acute RSV bronchiolitis, RSV and RSV pneumonia from Jan 2023-Jan 2025. Groups 1-4 are displayed in different colors.

Nirsevimab immunization was cost saving and reduced #RSV-related hospitalizations in most Italian pediatric centers, with the greatest benefits observed when campaigns started before the epidemic season. ja.ma/4cGODZn

JAMA Pediatrics presents 'Sleep Health Dimensions From Wearables and Transdiagnostic Mental Health in Young Adolescents', an original investigation by Rebecca E. Cooper, Amanda E. Baker, and Allysa D. Quick, published March 23, 2026.

Wearables indicate six sleep health dimensions in young adolescents. Sleep irregularity and shorter duration were associated with transdiagnostic mental health symptoms. ja.ma/4tqkALc

JAMA Pediatrics | Special Communication: CONSORT-Children and Adolescents (CONSORT-C) 2026 Extension Statement Enhancing the Reporting and Impact of Pediatric Randomized Trials. Published online February 24, 2026.

The CONSORT–Children and Adolescents (CONSORT-C) 2026 guideline extends CONSORT 2025 with 13 new reporting items for pediatric RCTs, enhancing transparency, reproducibility, and relevance for patients aged 0 to 19 years. ja.ma/4cpj9FX

JAMA Pediatrics: Original Investigation, Cognitive and Educational Outcomes After Preterm Birth or Low Birth Weight An Umbrella Review and Meta-Analysis, by Mingzheng Hu, MMed@1, Tiffany Truong, MPhil@1, Sufen Zhu, MPhil@1, et al. Published Online: March 30, 2026.

Meta-analysis: Cognitive and educational disadvantages after #PretermBirth or low birth weight persist through the life course, particularly for those born before 28 weeks or with birth weight <1.0 kg.

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JAMA Pediatrics presents an editorial titled "When Cost-Effectiveness Crosses Borders—Nirsevimab as an Example" by Lisa A. Prosser, PhD@1,2; David W. Hutton, PhD@1. Published online April 13, 2026. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.0823

💬Editorial: Economic analyses indicate that nirsevimab immunization can be cost saving in real-world settings, but the extent of cost-effectiveness varies with health system resources, cost drivers, and analytic perspective across countries.

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Table: Weighted Ordinal Logistic Regression Models of Desire to Drink (N = 2000). Regressors include randomized treatment vs control, experimental condition by perceived influencer credibility, past 30-d alcohol use, and binge drinking.

Exposure to alcohol-promoting #SocialMedia content increased desire to drink among young adults, supporting concerns about online influencer content and its influence on alcohol-related attitudes. ja.ma/4sBJ2bw

Article titled "Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Parents of Children Diagnosed With Neurodevelopmental Disorders" by Hui Wang, et al. Study shows increased CVD risk in parents with children having NDDs. Published in JAMA Pediatrics, April 13, 2026.

Parents of children with #NeurodevelopmentalDisorders—including autism, ADHD, or intellectual disability—had a higher risk of developing #CardiovascularDisease, especially with multiple affected children or comorbidities. ja.ma/4sxFnvp

Bar graphs showing rate/costs of uncompensated encounters at study hospitals. Graph A: rate of encounters. Graph B: percentage of costs. Freestanding/system hospital data compared across 10 hospitals.

Uncompensated hospitalizations comprised 3.4% of encounters and 3% of costs in US children’s hospitals, with most nonreimbursed stays involving lower complexity and shorter length of stay. ja.ma/4cuvSHw

Table with clinical signs from WHO and YIS-2 study. Columns include: Clinical severe infection (6 signs, 2019), Critical illness (3 signs, 2019), Pocket Book Hospital Care Children (12 signs, 2013), Possible serious bacterial infection (7 signs, 2019), YIS-2 study (9 signs, 2008).

All current World Health Organization IMCI algorithm clinical signs were associated with mortality or culture-confirmed sepsis, and additional signs such as prolonged capillary refill and central cyanosis may improve risk identification in young infants. ja.ma/4c7h2rh

ED Visits and Hospitalizations for Unintentional Prescription Medication Exposure Among Children This cross-sectional study estimates annual numbers of emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations associated with unintentional use of dispensed drugs and identifies the common prescription medications involved in these events.

Buprenorphine and medications for #ADHD are frequently implicated in emergency department visits and hospitalizations for unintentional oral prescription medication exposures among children younger than 6 years. ja.ma/4rLXmO9

JAMA Pediatrics infographic. RCT: Prophylactic Treatment of Patent Ductus Arteriosus With Acetaminophen. Population: 403 males, 375 females, preterm infants. Intervention: 778 infants analyzed. Acetaminophen vs. Placebo. Findings: Survival at 36 wks Acetaminophen 66.2% vs Placebo 63.6%.

Among extremely preterm infants, prophylactic acetaminophen for patent ductus arteriosus accelerated ductal closure but did not increase survival without severe neonatal morbidity at 36 weeks and was associated with higher rates of cholestasis.

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JAMA Pediatrics presents 'Sleep Health Dimensions From Wearables and Transdiagnostic Mental Health in Young Adolescents', an original investigation by Rebecca E. Cooper, Amanda E. Baker, and Allysa D. Quick, published March 23, 2026.

Wearables indicate six sleep health dimensions in young adolescents. Sleep irregularity and shorter duration were associated with transdiagnostic mental health symptoms. ja.ma/4drn9I8

JAMA Pediatrics: Original Investigation, Cognitive and Educational Outcomes After Preterm Birth or Low Birth Weight An Umbrella Review and Meta-Analysis, by Mingzheng Hu, MMed@1, Tiffany Truong, MPhil@1, Sufen Zhu, MPhil@1, et al. Published Online: March 30, 2026.

Meta-analysis: Cognitive and educational disadvantages after #PretermBirth or low birth weight persist through the life course, particularly for those born before 28 weeks or with birth weight <1.0 kg.

ja.ma/4cbqf0v

Naloxone and Buprenorphine for Adolescent Opioid Overdose and Use Disorder This narrative review summarizes literature on opioid use, overdose, and misuse among adolescents as well as the use of naloxone and buprenorphine in adolescent opioid treatment.

Regulatory changes have expanded #Naloxone and #Buprenorphine access, but adolescents remain under-treated for opioid overdose and use disorder despite persistently high overdose fatalities. ja.ma/4rT79Ck

Long-Term Cardiometabolic Outcomes in Children With Obesity This cohort study evaluates if metabolically healthy obesity in children is associated with increased long-term cardiometabolic outcomes.

Children with metabolically healthy obesity had higher risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia as young adults vs the general population. Obesity treatment lowered risk in all groups. ja.ma/3PJuPf2

Suicide rate ratios among children aged 5 to 9 years relative to the US, 2012-2022. Kazakhstan shows the highest ratio at 6.32 (2.54-14.94), while Germany has the lowest at 0.07 (0.00-0.28).

Among children 5 to 9 years, suicide deaths were rare but present in 30 countries, most involving hanging or suffocation, and were more frequent among boys, supporting prevention focused on environmental safety. ja.ma/4sTf9Eu

Line graph shows trends in unmet healthcare needs among autistic children from 2016-2023. Weighted prevalence (%) is charted for general, medical, dental, vision, hearing and mental health needs, noting increases in general and mental health unmet needs.

Annual prevalence of unmet health care needs among children with #AutismSpectrumDisorder in the US doubled from 2016 to 2023, with sharp postpandemic increases in unmet mental and medical health care needs.

ja.ma/4s7zq8f

Enhancing Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of High-Risk Infants In a report of a trial in JAMA Pediatrics, Tarouco et al1 describe studying the effect of a parent-led enhanced developmental intervention (EDI) on executive function at school age among children born preterm in Porto Alegre, Brazil. The intervention took place from ages 7 months to 12 months, and...

A parent-led developmental intervention improved executive function at school age in preterm children, especially in disadvantaged settings, supporting early, home-based approaches for neurodevelopment. ja.ma/3PJCGsR

Figure 2. Bar graph showing weighted prevalence of parent-reported chronic pain by disability category. Disability categories include Seizure, Cerebral palsy, Vision impairment, Hearing loss and more. Weighted prevalence is higher with disability in each category.

In a national survey, children with developmental disabilities had over twice the prevalence of parent-reported #ChronicPain compared with children without disabilities. Socioeconomic and adversity factors further increased risk.

ja.ma/41lVVLQ

Bar graphs compare rates/costs of uncompensated encounters at study hospitals. Graph A: Rate of uncompensated encounters. Graph B: Percentage of costs. Freestanding vs system hospitals are compared across 10 study hospitals.

Uncompensated hospitalizations comprised 3.4% of encounters and 3% of costs in US children’s hospitals, with most nonreimbursed stays involving lower complexity and shorter length of stay. ja.ma/48wdP2a

Parent-Led Early Intervention in Very Preterm Infants and Executive Function at School Age This secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial evaluates whether an enhanced developmental intervention initiated in the neonatal intensive care unit and continued at home through 2 years improves executive function at school age in children born very preterm.

Parent-led early intervention in very preterm infants improved executive function at school age compared with usual care, supporting long-term neurodevelopmental benefits for #Preterm children. ja.ma/3PH9q5X

PrEP uptake among US youths aged 13-21 with HIV indications was low, with higher initiation in older males and states with LGBTQ+ protections, and lower rates among females, minors, and those in the South. ja.ma/3Ok25Jm

JAMA Pediatrics presents an editorial: "Challenging 20 mm Hg as the ICP Threshold in Pediatric TBI" by Dennis W. Simon, MD@1, Mohammed A. Shaik, MD@1, and Patrick M. Kochanek, MD, MCCM@1. Published online April 6, 2026. DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2026.0820.

💬 Editorial: Observational data suggest an ICP threshold around 14-15 mm Hg better predicts outcome than 20 mm Hg in pediatric #TBI, supporting developmentally appropriate management strategies.

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