Pacific Madrone (Arbutus menziesii) produces berries that persist into winter, providing an important food source for birds and mammals.

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Turkey Mullein (Croton setiger) is toxic to some animals, but its seeds are eaten by birds. Several of its common names reflect the affinity of doves and wild turkeys for its seeds.

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Blue Oak (Quercus douglasii) hosts more than 50 species of gall wasps, the largest number known on any oak.

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Turkey Mullein (Croton setiger) has toxic foliage, and it was traditionally used by California Native Peoples as a fish poison to stun and catch fish.

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