#JGV is recruiting a new Editor for positive-strand RNA viruses. If you’re interested in contributing to the journal and the field, I’d be happy to share my editorial experience - please get in touch!
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AhV capsid structure. (a) A section of a representative micrograph of AhV VLPs and 2D class averages. Scale bar=100 nm. (b) The 2.4 Å resolution 3D reconstruction of AhV, colored according to quasi-conformer, with monomer A colored pink and monomer B colored grey. The capsid surface (left) and a central slice through the capsid (right) are shown. (c) The atomic model of AhV, showing the model for a single asymmetric unit from the bottom (left) and the side (right) with the monomers colored as in panel (b).
Atkinsonella hypoxylon virus capsid structure highlights the diversity of capsid proteins among the Partitiviridae. Published Open Access and fee-free in JGV using a Publish and Read agreement: https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.002209 #JGV #PublishandRead
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Graphical representation of the EAV outbreak cases in Devon and Dorset. Devon and Dorset dressage stallions are hypothesized to have close contact during transport while horses were moved for shows during 2018 equine gatherings or particularly for breeding purposes. Solid lines – most likely transmission; dotted lines – alternative transmission route.
Genetic characterization of equine arteritis virus associated with outbreaks in the UK, 2019. Published Open Access and fee-free in JGV using a Publish and Read agreement: doi.org/10.1099/jgv....
#JGV #PublishAndRead
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Internalization of 3867K-EVs by recipient avian cells. The 100K-EVs isolated from 3867K cultures were labelled with the green fluorescence dye PKH-67. As a negative control, PBS underwent the same staining procedure. The labelled EVs were then incubated with two sets of recipient cells
Extracellular vesicles released from Marek’s disease virus-transformed T-cells impact immune cell proliferation. Published Open Access and fee-free in JGV using a Publish and Read agreement: doi.org/10.1099/jgv....
#JGV #PublishAndRead
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Identification of SMIs. Chemical structures of MCCB5, CB6 and MJM364 and predicted docking poses. Three hydrophobic hotspots were identified as important for the NP:VP35 interaction. Compounds were screened in silico using the eHiTs exhaustive docking engine, AutoDock cluster analysis and pose prediction software or de novo designed (see also Fig. S1A, available in the online Supplementary Material).
Discovery of three small-molecule inhibitors targeting Ebolavirus genome replication and transcription. Published Open Access and fee-free in JGV using a Publish and Read agreement: doi.org/10.1099/jgv....
#JGV #PublishAndRead
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Patient-reported symptoms at each presentation. At each clinic visit, patients with long COVID were invited to report any symptoms they associated with their long COVID. Patients were allowed to report multiple symptoms, so total frequency of all symptoms is greater than the number of patients. If the patient reported resolution of symptoms, they were counted as ‘resolved’. At visit 1 (n=33), patients had experienced one confirmed infection. At visit 2 (n=33), patients had been vaccinated at least once and 12/33 experienced a confirmed reinfection. By visit 3 (n=15), patients had been vaccinated at least twice and 8/13 experienced a confirmed reinfection. By visit 3 (n=13) patients had been vaccinated at least three times and 10/13 experienced a confirmed reinfection.
Robust antibody and T cell responses tracked longitudinally in patients with long COVID. Published Open Access and fee-free in JGV using a Publish and Read agreement: doi.org/10.1099/jgv....
#JGV #PublishAndRead
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The image shows a microarray patch with a microscopic close-up of its many bristles. The text reads 'New article: Improved efficacy of an influenza DNA vaccine through high-density microarray patch delivery' which has been published in 'Journal of General Virology'.
📢Could delivering DNA vaccines through a patch overcome the challenges faced when delivering through a typical injection?💉
Published in #JGV, a recent study investigated the efficacy of DNA-based influenza vaccines through high-density microarray patches (HD-MAP) in mice.
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UpSet plots showing the degree of overlap between programs regarding junctions identified and written to their outputs. Panels (a, b, c, d, e, and f) correspond to the test datasets BMV, CMV, CymRSV, CYMV, TCV, and TSWV, respectively. Panels (g) and (h) correspond to the two control datasets, SARS-CoV-2 and TuMV. BMV (a) showed the most complex degree of overlaps, while TSWV (f) showed no overlaps. Control datasets are SARS-CoV-2 (g) and TuMV (h).
Defective but promising: evaluating the utility of currently available bioinformatic pipelines for detecting defective viral genomes in RNA-Seq data. Published Open Access and fee-free in JGV using a Publish and Read agreement: doi.org/10.1099/jgv.... #JGV #PublishAndRead
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Could DNA vaccine patches help prepare for a future pandemic?🦠🔬
@chrismcmillan.bsky.social and Chloe Entriken take us behind the scenes of their latest study on a needle-free approach to influenza vaccination in #JGV
Read more here🔗https://microb.io/48PTJ2l
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Immunization schedule and vaccination groups. (a) Serum samples were collected from all animals prior to any immunization and at the indicated time points (weeks) depicted as blood drop symbols (timeline and experimental design created with BioRender.com). The study was terminated 5 weeks after the third immunization. (b) BALB/c mice were primed at week 0 either with a mixture of DNA vaccine vectors each encoding one of the three indicated wt antigens (group 1), or with a trivalent DNA vaccine vector (DNA HFVac3.v1; group M2) via the subcutaneous route (s.c.), or with the trivalent MVA (MVA HFVac3.v1, group M3) via the intramuscular (i.m.) route. Primed mice were boosted i.m. at weeks 4 and 8 either with the mixture of rMVAs encoding each one of the indicated antigens (group M1) or the trivalent MVA-HFVac3.v1 (groups M2 and M3), respectively. As a control, animals were primed with an empty DNA (group M4) or WT MVA (group M5) and boosted with WT MVA, respectively.
Immunogenicity of a trivalent haemorrhagic fever vaccine candidate against Sudan virus, Marburg virus and Lassa virus in an mpox vaccine. Published Open Access and fee-free in JGV using a Publish and Read agreement: doi.org/10.1099/jgv.... #JGV #PublishAndRead
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Workflow of passaging viruses and cells. (a) The cells were split (black arrow) on 6-well plates the day before the inoculation with tissue samples containing virus segments (red arrow). Media samples (microtube) were collected before each virus passage (pink arrow), where the media was inoculated with newly plated cells. (b) Cells inoculated with the F17 sample were split and passaged five times. Media samples were collected before each passage.
Isolation and passaging of reptarenaviruses utilizing cultured snake cells suggest tissue tropism and restrictions in segment reassortment. Published Open Access and fee-free in JGV using a Publish and Read agreement: doi.org/10.1099/jgv.... #JGV #PublishAndRead
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RdRp protein sequence similarity tree of LaKoV1 and representative viruses from related families. A neighbour-joining tree was constructed based on the RdRp aa sequences from LaKoV1 and representative members of related bunyavirus families. Multiple sequence alignment was performed using muscle v3.8.31 with 32 iterations. The tree was generated using the Kimura protein distance measure with 1,000 bootstrap replicates. LaKoV1 clusters within the Konkoviridae family (yellow shading), along with TuSV, LBVaPV and other known konkoviruses. Related viral families are colour-coded: Phenuiviridae (green), Leishbuviridae (blue), Discoviridae (purple), Arenaviridae (red) and Wupedeviridae (grey). The scale bar represents the estimated number of aa substitutions per site based on the Kimura protein distance model.
Discovery of a new konkovirus species in Lachenalia plants reveals possible co-evolution between 5′ and 3′ RNA sequence motifs. Published Open Access and fee-free in JGV using a Publish and Read agreement: doi.org/10.1099/jgv.... #JGV #PublishAndRead
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TBEV-specific antibody responses after TBEV vaccination in obese and lean mice. (a–c) TBEV-specific IgG antibodies measured in serum by ELISA. Data are shown separately for males (a), females (b) and all mice combined (c). (d–f) TBEV-neutralizing antibodies measured in serum by neutralization test. Data are shown separately for males (d), females (e) and all mice combined (f). *P<0.05; **P<0.01.
Sex-dependent impairment of antibody responses to tick-borne encephalitis virus vaccination and infection in obese mice. Available to read in JGV: doi.org/10.1099/jgv.... #JGV
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Unusual levels of circular RNA (circRNA) is a well-known marker of cancer development. But latest research shows a similar story during certain viral infections.
A recent paper in #JGV reveals novel insights on the role of circRNA for the deadly bird virus Mardivirus Gallidalpha 2.
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Viral antigen and inflammation in JEV-V- and JEV-M-infected mice. Viral antigen positivity and distribution in comparable and representative sections of the cerebral cortex (a), hippocampus (b) and brainstem (c) in JEV-V-infected mice, but not in JEV-M-infected mice (original magnification: 4× objective; inset: 40× objective). The higher magnification images in the insets, taken from the areas indicated by arrows, either showed neuronal cell body cytoplasmic localization of viral antigens or their absence. (d) Inflammation was detected in the brainstem of JEV-V-infected mice, but not in JEV-M-infected mice (original magnification: 10× objective). All animals were footpad-infected with the same dose of 20 µl 104 CCID50/ml.
A Japanese encephalitis virus biological clone with an E gene point mutation exhibits in vitro and in vivo attenuation of neurovirulence. Published Open Access and fee-free in JGV using a Publish and Read agreement: doi.org/10.1099/jgv.... #JGV #PublishAndRead
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It's World Rabies Day! This study shows differences in the internalisation of rabies virus glycoproteins from pathogenic and attenuated strains, which may impact immune evasion. Read more in the Journal of General Virology: doi.org/10.1099/jgv.... #JGV #WorldRabiesDay
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Fig. 1. Schematic overview of main latency transcripts of B95-8 EBV. The gene and repeat structure of the virus genome (normally circular, but viewed with its ends at oriP) is shown above an overview of the main transcript structures. Gene and transcript arrows indicate transcription direction. Genes are colour-coded as EBNA (red) and LMPs (blue). EBNA promoters (Cp, Wp and Qp) and the U exon are labelled. Repeat regions (magenta) are family of repeats in oriP and internal repeats IR1 (Bam W repeat), IR2 (part of oriLyt) and IR3 (glycine–alanine repeats in EBNA1), while B95-8 deletion (∆B95-8) loses IR4 and contains the BAC (not shown); terminal repeats (TR) lie between LMPs. Note that some genes have more than the indicated number of splicing events.
A direct RNA-seq-based EBV latency transcriptome offers insights into the biogenesis of EBV gene products. Published Open Access and fee-free in JGV using a Publish and Read agreement: doi.org/10.1099/jgv.... #JGV #PublishAndRead
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Fig. 1. CHIKVΔE-NlucG/viral envelope protein pseudotype design and formulation
Establishment of a Chikungunya virus pseudotype system strictly dependent on viral protein expression. Learn more in JGV: doi.org/10.1099/jgv.... #JGV
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Fig. 1. Optimum level of NEDD4 is crucial for CHIKV infection. Vero cells were infected with CHIKV, and NEDD4 expression was checked at different time points.
Optimum level of NEDD4 and its interaction with nsP3 are crucial to facilitate efficient Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection. See more in JGV: doi.org/10.1099/jgv.... #JGV
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Trafficking of ORF3a VOCs through cellular compartments. Overview images from stainings of COS-7 cells to visualize the cellular compartments ER, ERGIC and Golgi (TGN) shown in (a); compartment markers for mitochondria or PM in transfected HEK-293 cells in (c); and the lysosomal (LAMP1) and recycling endosome marker (Rab11) in (e). All images were also stained for the co-transfected ORF3a mutants. (b) Single representative cells from images in (a). (d) Single cells labelled with compartment markers for mitochondria or PM together with ORF3a variants from images in (c). (f) Representative images of single cells transfected COS-7 cells with marker for lysosomes (LAMP1) and early endosomes (Rab11), enlargements from (e). Compartments are coloured in magenta, and ORF3a proteins in cyan. Open arrowheads point to colocalization of compartment marker together with the ORF3a variants. The subcellular localization experiments have been performed in three independent biological replicates (n=3).
Activity and cellular distribution of ORF3a mutants of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Available to read in JGV: doi.org/10.1099/jgv.... #JGV
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Viral particles are observed in the inner layers of the epidermis by TEM. MDV-KAT-infected SEs at D14 were collected and subsequently analysed at ultrastructural level (a). Image of the epidermis. The four layers with keratinocytes at different stages of differentiation are visible. Note that the cornified layer is highly electron dense. (b) Image of a zone with three keratinocytes (in framed), inside which viral particles were observed. All viral particles were nuclear capsids, of the three types (a, b, c). An enlargement of the cell framed in yellow is shown on the right panel. Yellow triangles indicate capsids. (c). Image of a zone where complete viral particles, indicated by orange arrows, are visible inside vesicles. An enlargement of a complete particle is shown on the right panel.
Marek’s disease virus replication in chicken skin reconstructed in vitro: evidence for viral particles in corneocytes. Published Open Access and fee-free in JGV using a Publish and Read agreement: doi.org/10.1099/jgv.... #JGV #PublishAndRead
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Representative image (H and E) from sample 738/24 (group 1, challenged) of intestine. Abundant polymorphonuclear cells infiltrate the lamina propria and muscularis layer of the mucosa. Inset shows higher magnification. Scale bar 100 µm.
Susceptibility and transmission of mpox virus infection in brown rats (Rattus norvegicus). Published Open Access and fee-free in JGV using a Publish and Read agreement: doi.org/10.1099/jgv.... #JGV #PublishAndRead
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Last chance to submit your application for the #JGV Editor-in-Chief position. If you want to play a key role in the journal ensuring that we publish high-quality research and engage with the virology and microbiology community, apply before 29 August: microb.io/Vacancies
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2 weeks to go until applications close to join #JGV as an Editor-in-Chief! We’re looking for individuals with previous editorial experience to support the journal. Find out more and apply by 29 August: microb.io/Vacancies
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Models of glycosylated egg- and cell-adapted NC14 HA proteins. Experimentally observed NC14 glycans from Figure 1a are modelled on the prefusion structure of trimeric A/Victoria/361/2011 (PDB ID: 4WE8, (Yang et al., 2015)). The receptor binding site (RBS) is indicated by the dashed black line, antigenic sites A – E (Ndifon et al., 2009) are coloured per panel (a), glycans are coloured in navy, unoccupied glycan sites coloured in black, and the protein surface is coloured in grey. The black arrows in panel (b) indicate glycans that differ between the cell- and egg-adapted strains.
Glycan site loss in two egg-adapted live attenuated influenza vaccine strains does not cause antigenic mismatches. Published in JGV: doi.org/10.1099/jgv.... #JGV
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Discover the latest updates on viral classification in the ICTV taxonomy summaries collection published in Journal of General Virology: bit.ly/4fBCVPK #JGV #ICTV
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Explore the latest JGV collection: ICTV Virus Taxonomy Summaries! These summaries serve as a published, citable reference for all taxonomic updates, including new taxa designations or virus reclassifications. Find out more here: microb.io/4fadnZu #JGV
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It's #WorldZoonosesDay! Read how SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted via skin contact, highlighting zoonotic disease risks. Published in #JGV as part of the ‘Aerosols and Microbiology: Connecting Disciplines in the Post-Pandemic Era’ collection: doi.org/10.1099/jgv....
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Slide shows a human cell line transformed by DNA from human adenovirus, published in our Journal of General Virology in 1977.
Turning now to the archive of the Journal of General Virology, see this image from a paper on the first successful DNA transfection of human cells, published in 1977 – now with over 4000 citations – doi.org/10.1099/0022... #JGV
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