Promoting Dairy Consumption Among Families: Development and User Experience Study of a Web-Based Nutrition Intervention
Background: Insufficient adherence to dietary guidelines underscores the need for effective interventions promoting healthy eating, including dairy consumption, among Canadian families. Research suggests that web-based interventions grounded in user research and behavior change theories can effectively support dietary improvements. However, few theory-driven digital interventions specifically target dairy consumption in families. Objective: This study describes the development of a web-based nutrition intervention, Dairyathlon, designed to promote dairy consumption among families using the IDEAS (Ideate, Design, Assess, and Share) framework. Additionally, it evaluates user experience with the web-based platform. Methods: Following the IDEAS framework, family perspectives and beliefs regarding dairy consumption were explored through ethnographic research and interviews. Behavior change techniques, based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, were integrated to enhance attitudes and perceived behavioral control toward dairy intake. These techniques underwent iterative design, prototype testing, and refinement. User experience was assessed with the AttrakDiff questionnaire, comparing families using Dairyathlon to those using the Canadian Food Guide (CFG). Children and parents completed the questionnaire after the presentation of the platform (PRE) and following eight weeks of use (POST). AttrakDiff evaluates pragmatic quality (PQ), hedonic stimulation (HSQ), hedonic identity (HIQ), and attractiveness (ATT) on a scale from -3 to +3, with >1 considered optimal, 0–1 acceptable, and < 0 suboptimal. Results: Between April 2019 and August 2020, Dairyathlon was developed to enhance families’ attitudes and perceived control over dairy consumption, adhering to the IDEAS framework. Users experience assessments were conducted among 29 families and showed significantly higher scores for Dairyathlon compared to the reference platform (CFG) at both pre- and post-assessments (P < .001). Although both platforms were initially rated as optimal, user experience ratings decreased after use: PRE (1.7 ± 0.6) to POST (1.4 ± 0.8) in the Dairyathlon group (mean difference of 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2, 0.7, P =.002), and (1.4 ± 0.6) to (0.9 ± 0.6) in the CFG group (mean difference = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.5, 0.6, P
