Phylloxera Resurges in Key Wine Regions as Pest Adapts and Spreads Globally Recent outbreaks in Washington, Australia, and Spain highlight evolving threats to vineyards despite longstanding management strategies.

FYI: Phylloxera Resurges in Key Wine Regions as Pest Adapts and Spreads Globally #Phylloxera #WineIndustry #Vineyards #PestControl #Agriculture

Phylloxera Resurges in Key Wine Regions as Pest Adapts and Spreads Globally Recent outbreaks in Washington, Australia, and Spain highlight evolving threats to vineyards despite longstanding management strategies.

Phylloxera Resurges in Key Wine Regions as Pest Adapts and Spreads Globally #Phylloxera #WineIndustry #Vineyards #WineProduction #Agriculture

Is Phylloxera Still a Threat to the Global Wine Industry? | SevenFifty Daily Genetic adaptation, leaf-feeding populations, and global movement are reshaping the modern phylloxera threat…

My latest piece for SevenFifty Daily explores how genetic adaptation, leaf-feeding populations and global movement are reshaping the risk profile of #phylloxera, as growers and researchers reassess whether we are truly safe from this tiny aphid.

#wine
#vineyard

daily.sevenfifty.com/is-phylloxer...

10 of the Most Popular Hybrid Grapes [Infographic] Veni, vidi, … Vitis vinifera. That’s not quite how Ceasar’s notorious phrase goes, but it very well could be the one that captures the centuries-long success story of Vitis vinifera grapes. Vitis vinifera is the binomial name of the common grape vine indigenous to Europe that produces many of today’s winemaking grapes. For just about all of winemaking history, they came, saw, and conquered. But as gene-manipulating technology develops and climate change casts its long shadow over the world, viticultural norms are being upended to make room for a new class of winemaking grapes. The article 10 of the Most Popular Hybrid Grapes Infographic] appeared first on [VinePair.

The entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium robertsii and its endophytic potential in grapevine to regulate radicicole grape phylloxera populations Grape phylloxera Daktulosphaira vitifoliae destroyed 30% of the European vineyard by the end of the 19th century, attacking the woody roots of the grapevine Vitis vinifera (L.). To date, grafting grapevine on American resistant rootstocks is the leading solution to control the pest. However, grape phylloxera is present in most wine-growing soils and remains a threat in regions planted with non-grafted vines. Thus, alternative control solutions are investigated. The entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium robertsii is known for its capacity to parasitize insects. Besides, the fungus can colonize plant rhizosphere and establish as an endophyte (i.e., within plant tissues) in many plant species. The thesis aimed to investigate if M. robertsii could persistently associate with the rhizosphere and as an endophyte in non-grafted grapevine V. vinifera without harming its growth while preventing the development of the grape phylloxera radicicole forms.Four M. robertsii strains native to four different vineyards were used and came from: i) the center-West Argentina (MsoilAR4.3), ii) the south of Australia (M224B), iii) the south-west of France (EF3.5(2)) and iv) the west of Germany (EF047). Greenhouse experiments were conducted to assess the association between M. robertsii and potted non-grafted grapevines. First, the comparison of the kinetic of grapevine rhizosphere and endosphere colonization was made, comparing the strain EF3.5(2) with a laboratory strain non-native to the vineyard (ARSEF-2575-GFP) to evaluate if a vineyard-native strain had a more durable colonization. Droplet Digital PCR (ddPCR), a culture-based method, and confocal imaging of root segments were used to characterize the associations. The strain EF3.5(2) had a higher establishment in the rhizosphere and root-endosphere of non-grafted grapevine than the strain ARSEF-2575-GFP. Both strains were established for up to 96-98 days post-inoculation (dpi) in both compartments. Then, the potential of association with the non-grafted grapevine of all four-vineyard native M. robertsii strains was compared. The rates of rhizospheric colonization at 68-70 dpi ranged from 60% for the Argentinian MsoilAR4.3 strain, 65% for the Australian M224B strain, 76% for the French EF3.5(2) strain, to 100% for the German EF047 strain. The rates of root endosphere colonization were 14%, 10%, 5%, and 33% at 68-70 dpi, respectively. No significant differences of rhizosphere and root-endosphere colonization between tested strains were recorded. Also, the fungal association unaffected the grapevine's growth and leaf pigment content during the experimental period. Finally, the effect of direct parasitism of the strain EF3.5(2) on the survival and development of radicicole grape phylloxera clone 'Pcr7' was evaluated in the woody root section bioassay. Depending on the method used to infect the insect, a significant reduction of 90 %, 70 %, and 86% in survival probability was found, and 92%, 89%, and 93 % in reduction of adults' development compared with control treatments. Also, the symptoms induced by grape phylloxera on non-grafted grapevines co-inoculated with M. robertsii were reduced by 91% (mean of 4.8 ± 8.4 nodosities) compared with the phylloxera infested-plants (mean of 52.7 ± 50.7 nodosities). The qPCR analysis performed on grapevine inoculated with strain EF3.5(2) showed after 24h, the up-regulation of the VvWRKY-75, VvPR3.2, VvPR4, and VvG1, which are phylloxera-responsive defense genes involved in the resistance against phylloxera.In conclusion, M. robertsii’s persistent association with non-grafted grapevine represents an alternative protection strategy against radicicole grape phylloxera, especially for wine-growing regions planted with non-grafted vines. Further field experiments should be carried out to determine the environmental factors affecting the effectiveness and persistence of M. robertsii associated with grapevine.

"Metarhizium robertsii " pour réguler les populations de phylloxéra 👏👏👏 Mathilde Ponchon theses.hal.science/tel-04405739 #phylloxera #viti #BioControl Whaoooo !!!!!

Vineyards (Vitis spp.) (Source: Gerald Holmes, Strawberry Center, Cal Poly San Luis Obispo, Bugwood.org)

Different life stages of Daktulosphaira vitifoliae: (A) eggs, (B) larva on root of grapevine, (C) female with eggs and (D) adult (Sources: EPPO Global Database, courtesy of Biologische Bundesanstalt, Institute für Pflanzenschutz im Weinbau (DE) (A); EPPO Global Database, courtesy of Denis Kasatkin (B, C); EPPO Global Database, courtesy of Jean-François Germain, Plant Health Laboratory, Montpellier (FR) (D)).

🔎Daktulosphaira vitifoliae, commonly known as grapevine #phylloxera, is an invasive #pest of #grapevines and a protected zone quarantine pest in Cyprus.

📖Explore the newly published EFSA interactive Story Map: link.europa.eu/F4Y8Pd

🌱 #PlantHealth #PestSurveyCard #SurveillanceNetwork

Progression of phylloxera. Vasita-i Servet, 26 Temmuz 1296 (7 August 1880), 128.

Next up, Samuel Dolbee's "The Sick Vines of Europe: #Raisins, #Phylloxera, and the Politics of Place in the Late #Ottoman Aegean" explores the path of the microscopic phylloxera insect as it made its way from the US to the E. Mediterranean in the 19th century.

doi.org/10.1017/S001...

Nothing I post about wine appears on the bluesky wine feed. Will someone tell me the secret? Is it a hashtag like #phylloxera ?

Phylloxera is a deadly vineyard pest that attacks grapevines’ roots, nearly destroying Europe’s vineyards in the 19th century. Native to North America, it’s controlled using resistant rootstocks. A key challenge for winemakers today. #Phylloxera #Grapevines #WineDisease #Viticulture

A photo showing two pine trees growing side by side. Many years ago the tree on the right reached a branch over to the other and that branch has grown into the the other’s trunk. The large trunks of the mature trees are grey with a mix of vertical dark and light streaks. Both trunks have large black voids that look like drooping ghoulish eyes. The background between the trees is a mix of blue sky and green foliage.

For my wine/vit friends:

Looks like ‘approach grafting’ has been around for a while.
#trees #gardening #viticulture #wine #winemaking #phylloxera 🌱