#Quakes at #volcanoes past 24h: #Aniakchak, #Apoyeque, #Barva, #Bratan, #Campi Flegrei (Phlegrean Fields), #Canlaon
#Clear Lake, #El Chichón, #Eldey, #Etna, #Hayes, #Hiuchi, #Hulubelu, #Kerlingarfjöll, #Kilauea, #Kolumbo, #Loihi, #Loki-Fögrufjöll volcano, #Maunaloa, #Mayotte Island, #Pinatubo...
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#BARABRI #PARTY #PAKISTAN
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1991 #ERUPTION OF #MOUNT #PINATUBO
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Potential effects of a #supervolcano #eruption
www.sustainability-times.com/climate/this... What is the relationship between #climate and #volcanic #eruptions? My reporting from #Chile here nkozphoto.com/index.php/20... #darwin #science #chiloe #tambora #pinatubo
Read my article, " #Volcanoes, #ClimateChange & Darwin’s Legacy in #Chile"
nkozphoto.com/index.php/20... #volcano #climate #Darwin #evolution #dinosaurs #Chaiten #Osorno #science #Chiloe #earthquakes #volcanism #magma #Indonesia #Pinatubo #IceAge #Kamchatka #Hawaii #Toba #Napoleon #Frankenstein
🌋 L’eruzione del #Pinatubo nel 1991 fu una delle più catastrofiche: oscurò il cielo e abbassò le #temperature globali. 🌡️🌍
Ne parla Luca Lombroso 👇.
#Quakes at #volcanoes past 24h: #Bratan, #Clear Lake, #Coso, #Fagradalsfjall, #Haku-san, #Hrómundartindur
#Jan Mayen, #Kilauea, #Koruhüyüğü, #Krísuvík, #Lavic Lake, #Ljósufjöll, #Loihi, #Machin, #Mauna Kea, #Mayotte Island, #Mount St. Helens, #Moyuta, #Pinatubo, #Piton de la Fournaise, #...
Inabisuhan ng PHILVOCS ang mga residente malapit sa #Mayon Volcano sa Albay, Mt. #Pinatubo sa Zambales, at #Taal Volcano sa Batangas na maging alisto at handa sa lahar at iba pang volcanic hazards kasunod ng mga aktibidad kamakailan ng mga nasabing bulkan.
Flying over the Pinatubo crater lake, rough cut
youtu.be/Q6ljdYS24kA?...
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#volcano #pinatubo #djimini3pro #dronephotography #dronevideo #philippines #travel
It has been 30 years since #Pinatubo, the most recent #volcanic #eruption to impact #climate. @NASA and the #volcano science community are preparing for the next one. @NASAGoddard @michigantech @AmericanU @RiceUniversity @uoregon @NASAEarth...
There aren't good photos of the climactic June 15 #Pinatubo #eruption - it was obscured by clouds from coincident Typhoon Yunya (Diding). The best view was from space: @JAXA_en/@JMA_kishou GMS-4 🛰️ images show the huge umbrella cloud spreading above the meteorological clouds.
A sequence of preclimactic explosions that would culminate in the June 15, 1991 #Pinatubo #eruption (#Philippines) began #OnThisDay 30 years ago. These well-known @phivolcs_dost and @USGSVolcanoes photos show the June 12, 1991 #eruption; a major event in its own right.
#OnThisDay 30 years ago, small phreatic explosions ended more than 400 years of quiescence at an inconspicuous #volcano in the #Philippines called Mount #Pinatubo.
Photo: Fissure formed by the April 2, 1991 explosions on the upper N flank of Pinatubo (Chris Newhall, May 1991)
#OnThisDay in 1991, the paroxysmal event of the #Pinatubo #eruption (#Philippines) released the largest volcanic SO2 cloud ever measured. Data from @NASA's Nimbus-7/TOMS satellite instrument.
No photos to hand of #MeAt20, but it was Fall 1991 and I was about to start year 2 of a #Geology degree @OxUniEarthSci.
#Pinatubo had erupted ~100 days earlier & the vast SO2 cloud was spreading in the stratosphere, as seen in these @NASA MLS data (measured on my 20th b'day).
Re: #NukeTheHurricanes, #volcanoes sort of already tried that. The June 15, 1991 #eruption of #Pinatubo (#Philippines), perhaps roughly equivalent to a ~100 Megaton blast, occurred as Typhoon Yunya made landfall. The typhoon was unmoved.
Viel stärker als der #Pinatubo: #Waldbrände in #Kanada sorgen für stärkste jemals gemessene Trübung der #Stratosphäre über #Europa: www.tropos.de/aktuelles/pressemitteilu... #EGU18 Session AS3.4/BG4.10/NH7.4 2017 #wildfire #smoke...
Looking forward to a great week of discussions on stratospheric aerosol in the post-#Pinatubo era at the @theAGU Chapman Conference, on Tenerife in the shadow of #Teide.
My view is that, given the higher, late-20th Century population of Java and Sumatra, had the 1883 #Krakatau eruption occurred in 1991 its impacts might have been greater still, and certainly more significant than #Pinatubo. So my vote is for #Krakatau. #VolcanoCup
At #Pinatubo, analysis of its prehistoric #eruption deposits was key to forecasting the potential magnitude of the 1991 eruption, but such mapping might also have been more difficult at #Krakatau, with fewer subaerial deposits. #VolcanoCup
https://pubs.usgs.gov/pinatubo/newhall/
The 3-month run-up wld have given time to deploy a telemetered monitoring network at #Krakatau (seismic, deformation), but as an island volcano this wld have been more challenging at #Krakatau than it was at #Pinatubo. Deep EQs would have been harder to detect/locate. #VolcanoCup
If #Krakatau had erupted in 1991, would we have been able to predict the eruption and its impacts? The 'run-up' times for #Krakatau in 1883 and #Pinatubo in 1991 were similar: ~3 months (May-Aug 1883, Mar-Jun 1991) from first clear signs of unrest to paroxysm. #VolcanoCup
Very tough decision in today's #VolcanoCup. #Pinatubo vs #Krakatau would be a worthy final - a giant of the 19th Century against a giant of the 20th. To level the playing-field, we can look at the 1883 #Krakatau eruption through the lens of modern volcanology.
Also this:
Lava lakes are red
Crater Lake is blue
When #Pinatubo erupted
Earth cooled. Why? SO2.
Lava lakes are red
Crater Lake is blue
When #Pinatubo erupted
Earth cooled a bit, too
#VolcanoCup
#VolcanicValentine
I voted #Pinatubo btw
Above all, the 1991 #Pinatubo eruption is our 'poster child': proof that #volcano science works. Timely evacuations probably saved 1000s of lives. When sufficient resources and expertise are available, major crises can be averted. #VolcanoCup
But a key legacy of the #Pinatubo eruption was the collaboration between @phivolcs_dost and @VDAP_USGS_OFDA. International experience improves understanding of the potential impacts of domestic #eruptions. Cutting @USGS funding jeopardizes such efforts....
The #Pinatubo aerosol cloud lowered global average temperatures by a few tenths of a ºC in 1992-93, & impacted rainfall & stratospheric ozone. The #eruption is a benchmark for studies of volcano-climate interactions and 'geoengineering' of Earth's climate....
Estimates of volcanic SO2 emissions prior to the satellite era (pre-1978) are a little uncertain, but studies of ice cores suggest that the 1991 #Pinatubo SO2 injection was the largest since #Krakatau in 1883. #VolcanoCup
https://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate2293
