ever since I saw a low but decent number of RefSeq genomes with annotated r·protein genes tagged as #pseudogene I stopped taking that 100% seriously

Shigella flexneri Adherence Factor Expression in In Vivo-Like Conditions | mSphere Bacterial pathogens have evolved to regulate virulence gene expression at critical points in the colonization and infection processes to successfully cause disease. The Shigella species infect the epithelial cells lining the colon to result in millions of ...

Some details on above. We initially demonstrated expression of type 1 fimbriae and curli in Shigella despite #pseudogene annotations
journals.asm.org/doi/full/10....

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The fossil-footprint of African S. Typhimurium

Showing stepwise evolution on a time-line, modelled with BEAST.

Sequential acquisition of #pseudogene mutations, many in gastrointestinal colonisation genes.