Systemic and neurologic autoimmune disorders and antibody seropositivity associated with neurosarcoidosis Comorbid autoimmune disorders and non-specific antibody seropositivity have been commonly reported in prior studies of systemic rheumatologic disorder…

1 in 5 neurosarcoidosis exhibit comorbid autoimmune disease, family history of autoimmunity, or nonspecific autoantibody seropositivity. These overlapping features represent potential sources of diagnostic ambiguity and may impact treatment strategies.

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Astrocyte-specific FoxF2 modulates immune and myelin repair: Evidence from multiple sclerosis lesions and an animal model As multiple sclerosis (MS) progresses, myelin repair becomes inefficient. To gain insight into the underlying causes, we RNA-sequenced postmortem brai…

FoxF2, a key regulator in remyelination in progressive MS 🧠

FoxF2+ Astrocyte links to TGFβ signaling and coordinates myelin repair, immune response, and metabolism. Its loss disrupts regenerative gene networks.

#MultipleSclerosis #Neuroscience

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Soluble c-Met correlates with NfL and GFAP levels in the CSF of patients with multiple sclerosis The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met pathway plays an important role in several inflammatory conditions, regulating phenotypic plasticity within b…

Soluble c-Met ↑ in CSF & plasma, CSF c-Met links to NfL/GFAP, plasma ADAM10 ↓. Suggests compartment-specific c-Met shedding in early MS. #MultipleSclerosis #Biomarkers #Neuroinflammation

Check the paper👇:

www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...

🧠👶🏻 Upcoming release of a special issue dedicated to Pediatric Neuroimmunology.

Call for paper, check details below and submit your work:
sciencedirect.com/special-issue/…

Congratulations Dr. Funk!

🧠🦠 Open Call: Gut–Brain Axis Special Issue
Exploring microbiome and CNS communication & translational insights.

Submit your work 👉 www.sciencedirect.com/special-issu...
#GutBrainAxis #Microbiome #CallForPapers

An inspiring Welcome & Kenneth P. Johnson Memorial Lecture #ACTRIMS2026, beautifully presented by Chair Dr. Danny Reich. Moments like these remind us why academic community matters

Genetically reduced MTHFR activity confers protection against multiple sclerosis Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) generates the active form of folate required for homocysteine metabolism. The C677T variant in MTHFR reduces enzymatic activity, increases homocysteine leve...

Largest genetic study to date: the MTHFR C677T variant is associated with a 9% lower risk of multiple sclerosis, with no impact on disease severity 🧬

#MultipleSclerosis #genetics #cureMS

Check out the paper below 👇

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...

Neurological adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors: A practical guide to diagnosis with a focus on neuroimaging findings The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), a class of oncologic therapies that enhance anti-tumor immunity, may be complicated by the occurrence of neurologic immune-related adverse events (n-irA...

Diagnosing neurologic irAEs from ICIs is challenging. MRI is key to ruling out cancer spread and detecting indirect signs of neuroinflammation.
This review 👇 highlights the essential imaging and diagnostic features of ICI-related neurotoxicities.

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...

Clear-positive cut off determination of flow cytometric MOG-antibody assay in Korea: Alignment with international MOGAD diagnostic standards MOG-Ab assay is a sensitive and specific biomarker that is indispensable in diagnosis of MOG antibody-associated disease (MOGAD). However, its accuracy can largely depend on a proper selection of pati...

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...

Clear-positive cut off determination of flow cytometric MOG-antibody assay in Korea: Alignment with international MOGAD diagnostic standards MOG-Ab assay is a sensitive and specific biomarker that is indispensable in diagnosis of MOG antibody-associated disease (MOGAD). However, its accuracy can largely depend on a proper selection of pati...

Updated flow cytometric MOG-Ab cut-offs aligned with 2023 MOGAD criteria: Clear-positive: 90.7% PPV, in core demyelinating events: 100% PPV, High clear-positive: 100% specificity (lower sensitivity)

MOGAD diagnosis accuracy in Korea. #MOGAD #Neuroimmunology

Paper below 👇

Acupuncture mitigates sciatic neuropathic pain in lumbar disc herniation via inhibiting spinal CXCL12/CXCR4-driven glial activation and neuroinflammation Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a prevalent degenerative spinal disorder causing chronic low back pain and sciatica through persistent neuroinflammation and central sensitization. Increasing evidence ...

Acupuncture eases neuropathic pain in lumbar disc herniation by blocking the CXCL12/CXCR4–ERK/NF-κB pathway, reducing glial activation and inflammation.
#Neuroscience #PainResearch #Acupuncture

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www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...

Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) ameliorates sepsis-induced brain injury by upregulating heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) to inhibit high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) release The incidence of brain injury in sepsis patients has been as high as 70 %, which has been a significant cause of septic patients' death. However, the pathophysiology of brain injury in sepsis is multi...

Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) protects the brain from sepsis-induced injury by boosting HO-1 and blocking HMGB1. In mice, H₂S improved survival, cognition, and reduced brain damage - a potential therapy for sepsis-related injury.
#Sepsis #Neuroinflam #H2S #HO1 #HMGB1

Paper 👇

Neoehrlichiosis in patients with multiple sclerosis in Halmstad, Sweden: A case series Neoehrlichiosis is an emerging tick-borne infection. The documented cases of human infection demonstrate a varying symptomatology, diagnostic difficulties, a lacking clinical awareness of the conditio...

Neoehrlichiosis, an emerging, underdiagnosed tick-borne infection.
B-cell–depleting therapy increases risk and severity. #MS patients with fever, high CRP, or anemia may need further attention prior treatment initiation.
#InfectiousDisease #MS #Neoehrlichiosis

Paper below 👇

Fast-forward through our day in neuroimmunology 🔬 — where every pipette move brings us closer to the next discovery.

#Neuroimmunology #LabWork #DataGeneration #PaperPrep #Pipetting #StainingHumanCells

Inhibition of microRNA-126-3p attenuates ischemic stroke by targeting endogenous neuroprotective receptor LRP6 in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway MicroRNA-126 (miR-126) has emerged as a potential key regulator in ischemic stroke. Yet, its exact mechanism of action is still unexplored. This study aims to investigate whether miR-126 targets and r...

Insight into stroke recovery!
miR-126 worsens brain injury by suppressing LRP6 in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Blocking it restores signaling, reduces cell death, and improves outcomes - a promising new stroke therapy target.
#StrokeResearch ##miR126 #WntPathway

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It was an honor to sponsor the ISNI Young Session, Symposium 22 at #ISNI2025 in Chiba! 🌏

Congrats to our winner, @rosadelegadojimenez, and all speakers!

Special thanks to @HeinzWeindl for making this session a success! 🙏

#Neuroimmunology #ISNI2025 #NextGenerationScientists

Hypoglycorrhachia shapes the landscape of encephalitis. Low CSF/serum glucose flags infectious causes, while its absence points to autoimmune disease with higher ICU burden. #NeuroID #Encephalitis #Neuroimmunology

Check the paper below 👇

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...

Neurotoxicity associated with chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy involves reengineering patient-derived or donor-derived T cells to express a synthetic CAR that can recognise specific cell-surface antigens, independe...

CAR-T therapy has transformed hematologic cancers, but ICANS remains a major barrier. Diverse neurotoxicities, lack of biomarkers, and unclear mechanisms highlight an urgent unmet need. #CART #Neurotoxicity #crackingICANS

Check out the paper below 👇

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...

⏰ Starting soon
Join this webinar to hear tips and strategies to promote your recently accepted or published work. @jnijournal.bsky.social
Register now: neuronline.sfn.org/professional-development...

Join us at #ISNI international congress 5-8 October in Chiba, Japan.
We are supporting the young investigator session.

The immune response within Alzheimer's disease: from the lense of peripheral monocyte-derived macrophages Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most significant form of dementia characterized by neurodegeneration and higher-order cognitive decline affecting over 6.9 million Americans age 65 and older. Emerging ...

Beyond the brain: Our review explores how peripheral monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) shape Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis—revealing new therapeutic opportunities outside the blood-brain barrier. 🧠🧬 #Alzheimers #Neuroimmunology

Check out the review below 👇

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...

When gut and nerves collide: A case of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum disorder after golimumab for ulcerative colitis Anti-TNF alpha agents, such as golimumab, are effective treatment options for moderate to severe inflammatory bowel disease. However, demyelinating syndromes have been reported as rare adverse events....

First reported case of AQP4+ NMOSD after golimumab for ulcerative colitis, presenting with intractable hiccups (Area Postrema Syndrome). Managed with plasmapheresis + rituximab, partial improvement.

Check out the paper 👇

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...

The immunology and neuropathology of the autoimmune nodopathies The autoimmune nodopthies have recently emerged as a discrete subtype of inflammatory neuropathy. They are characterised by the presence of IgG class autoantibodies directed against structural compone...

Autoimmune nodopathies mimic seronegative GBS or CIDP but have distinct biology and treatment response — often failing IVIg or steroids, yet improving with anti-CD20 therapy.
Early recognition can be life-changing.
#Neurology #RareDisease

Check out this paper 👇
www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...

We’re excited to announce the Young Investigators Special Issue in the Journal of Neuroimmunology! We will spotlight early-career researchers and support the next generation of discovery. Submit your original research and let your work be seen and recognized.
#CallForPaper

Rapid one-step protocol for exploring immune cells in cerebrospinal fluid Flow cytometry analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid's immune cell subset profiles can be used to help in the diagnosis and prognosis of nervous system pathologies. However, the cells need to be analyze...

CSF cell analysis is key to understanding neurological diseases but has been limited by cell fragility. Millet Wallisky et al. introduce a rapid, one-step method for efficient CSF immune profiling

Check out the paper below 👇

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...

Thinking about how seasons and environment affect myasthenia gravis. UV rays, humidity, and summer activity might play bigger roles than we know. More research ahead! #MyastheniaGravis #Science

Check out the paper below 👇

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...

RIPK3-MLKL dependent necroptosis mediates depressive-like behavior by facilitating neuroinflammation Neuroinflammation is a critical pathophysiological mechanism of depression. But the sources and processes involved remain unclear. Recent reports suggest that necroptosis with pro-inflammatory propert...

Inflammation meets depression: Blocking hippocampal necroptosis eases depressive-like behavior in mice. Targeting RIPK3–MLKL could be a game-changer in depression. #Neuroscience #MentalHealth #DepressionResearch

Check out the paper below 👇

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...

Association of TGFB1 and IFNB1 expression levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells with multiple sclerosis with respect to proximal rs1800469 and rs2275888 eQTLs Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system inflammatory disorder with evidence of peripheral immune system dysregulation. Complex signaling interaction of immune cytokines transforming growth...

TGFB1 is elevated in MS and correlates with IFNB1, which varies by disease phase but not IFN-β therapy.

Check the paper below 👇

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...

Stiff person syndrome spectrum disorders; more than meets the eye Stiff person syndrome spectrum disorders (SPSD) are a group of rare neuroimmunological disorders that often include painful spasms and rigidity. However, patients have highly heterogeneous signs and s...

Stiff Person Syndrome Spectrum Disorders are under-recognized, immune-mediated conditions with diverse presentations—advances in treatment and understanding offer new hope!

Check the paper below 👇

www.jni-journal.com/article/S016...